Software & Systems

Journal articles №4 2018

11. Application development for preparing meshes using snappyHexMesh of OpenFOAM [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Chitalov, D.I. (cdi9@yandex.ru) - South Ural Scientific Center (Junior Researcher); S.T. Kalashnikov (src@makeyev.ru) - South Ural Scientific Center (Head of Department), Ph.D;
Abstract: The paper describes an application with a graphical user interface for preparing computational meshes that contain hexahedra and split-hexahedra from triangulated surface geometries using the OpenFOAM software environment, and the application development process. The paper presents the existing paid and open software tools used to simplify the problem of preparing such computational meshes. The authors determine their limitations and relevance of the indicated problem and the necessity of developing a new application for preparing meshes for OpenFOAM SE. The authors have made a list of tasks to implement the development. They have studied the operating principle of OpenFOAM SE utility responsible for the mentioned type of CM generation. The determined list of necessary tools for program development includes a programming language of application logic, a library that provides implementation of interface elements, and the development environment. The authors indicate the software required to use the developed application. There are diagrams that describe the application structure, the algorithm of user's work with application. The paper also determines some difficulties in algorithm implementation and program logic and proposes the ways to solve them. The application has been tested on the training task included in of OpenFOAM SE. The authors summarize the results of the conducted research, evaluate the practical importance of the conducted research work and the created software application, possible prospects of the research. The paper provides a web resource that contains the developed application, which is freely available, for testing and practical using.
Keywords: grafical user interface, hexahedra and split-hexahedra meshes, openfoam, blockmesh utility, snappyhexmesh utility, python programming language, pyqt4 library, open source software, numerical simulation
Visitors: 8653

12. Evaluating the quality of heterogeneous robotic systems using the Banker-Charnes-Cooper model [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: D.E. Seliverstov (seliverstov_dmitriyy@rambler.ru) - Military Academy of Strategic Rocket Troops named after Peter the Great (Lecturer), Ph.D; K.D. Rusakov (rusakov.msk@yandex.ru) - V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of RAS (Junior Researcher); S.Sh. Hill (skhill@mail.ru ) - Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (Associate Professor), Ph.D; S.B. Savilkin (savilkin@mail.ru) - Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (Associate Professor), Ph.D;
Abstract: The paper proposes a method for evaluating and determining the ways for improving the quality of heterogeneous robotic systems that consists of private methods. It is based on the developed complex of mathematical models that is based on the methodology of the data envelopment analysis. One of the features of the data envelopment analysis by evaluating complex system effectiveness is the fact that the object under study has a variety of input and output heterogeneous parameters. In this case, the solution of the problem is carried out under conditions of heterogeneity of the parameters, which is of particular importance in the case of system heterogeneity. After complex mathematical transformations, modeling based on the data envelopment analysis makes it possible to “compare something noncomparable”. The method for evaluating the quality of heterogeneous robotic systems supposes a certain number of factors described in the paper. It is based on the developed mathematical models for evaluating the quality of heterogeneous robotic systems and theoretical provisions on the quality criteria the object under study. The paper shows that if the constraints make it necessary to achieve the maximum level of the output indices at fixed values of the entry indicators, then we should choose the developed model for the analysis of heterogeneous robotic systems based on the Banker-Charnes-Cooper output model of the data envelopment analysis. This mathematical model allows analyzing the quality of heterogeneous robotic systems in conditions of possible cost reduction with fixed values of output characteristics. If the determination of the ways of improving the quality of heterogeneous robotic systems is carried out under conditions of possible simultaneous changing of the values of both input and output parameters, then we choose a synthesis model based on the additive model of methodology of the data envelopment analysis.
Keywords: heterogeneous robotic systems, data envelopment analysis, quality evaluation, technical level, banker-charnes-cooper model
Visitors: 5594

13. A translator of a tactical task to a Petri net for a group of unmanned ground vehicles [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: A.A. Tachkov (tachkov@bmstu.ru ) - Research and Training Centre "Robotics" Bauman Moscow State Technical University (Head of the Department "Automated transport systems"), Ph.D; A.V. Kozov (alexey.kozov@gmail.com) - Research and Training Centre "Robotics" Bauman Moscow State Technical University (Engineer); S.E. Pankov (tachkov@bmstu.ru) - Office of Advanced Inter-Specific Research and Special Projects of the Russian Ministry of Defense (Senior Researcher), Ph.D;
Abstract: This paper represents analytics of main existing approaches to forming a tactical task for a group of unmanned military robotic vehicles. The selected approach uses an electronic map as a graphic basis to form a task using military symbols. The paper shows that operator's decision might be represented as an oriented multigraph with finite numbers of vertices and arcs. Within this representation, the developed task translator allows converting an initial operator’s decision (defined with military symbols) into an equivalent Petri net to control a group of military robotic vehicles. The paper defines target formalities for translator design, structure, basic blocks and standard translation rules. The developed translator uses a geoinformation system and a military symbol classifier for coding group actions of robotic systems. The software for the translator is in C++ as a DLL library for Panorama geoinformational system. There is also a class diagram. The paper presents an example to show how the translator works. There is a typical task for a group of robotic vehicles. It includes division into sub-groups, parallel moving onto firing line, reallocation of complexes among subgroups, reaching the objective. The initial operator's decision is represented by military symbols. The paper also shows an equivalent Petri net. The proposed translator with an electronic map technology allows automating tactical task formation for a group of robotic military unmanned vehicles.
Keywords: unmanned ground military robot, unmanned ground military robot, the petri nets, translator, geoinformation system, digital qualifier, group management
Visitors: 7145

14. A software model for studying the effectiveness of procedures for extracting contours of noisy images [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Samoylin E.A. (es977@mail.ru) - Military Scholastic-Scientific Centre of the Air Forces Zhukovskiy and Gagarin Air Forces Academy, Ph.D; S.A. Karpov (sergei-andreevich@bk.ru) - Military Scholastic-Scientific Centre of the Air Forces "Zhukovsky and Gagarin Air Forces Academy" (Adjunct);
Abstract: The article develops one of the directions of digital image processing – extracting their contours. It is necessary to solve this task in order to recognize objects in the image (by geometry, the angles between contour fragments, etc.), to improve image visual quality, to emphasize the boundaries of objects of interest, contrasting, etc. Typically, digital images are recorded in difficult and adverse conditions, which leads to noise generation described by an additive Gaussian noise model. Therefore, the authors propose a software model that allows investigating the effectiveness of various methods, algorithms and procedures to extract noisy image contours. The model is based on comparing an image contour from a noisy image to an ideal contour of a similar image without noise. Then it is supposed to calculate the errors of detection of contour elements of the first (false alarm) and the second (pass) kind. In this case, the error calculation is carried out over the entire possible range of the mean square deviation σ of additive Gaussian noise. The paper gives some examples of extrating contours of real scene noisy images, as well as dependences of error frequencies of the first and second kinds on the mean square deviation of the amplitude noise from σ=0 to σ=200 (images at 256 levels of brightness amplitude quantization) for three procedures for contour extraction: based on Prewitt masks, Sobel mascs and the Laplacian of Gaussian. In addition, the authors study the influence of a noisy image linear filtering procedure on the decrease in the frequency of errors in the extrating contours of the first and second kinds.
Keywords: laplacian of gaussian, sobel masks, prewitt masks, gradient masks, additive gaussian noise, the allocation of contours, image
Visitors: 7960

15. Accented visualization in AR user interfaces [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Ivaschenko A.V. (anton-ivashenko@yandex.ru) - Samara State Aerospace University, Ph.D; G.V. Katirkin (katirkin@o-code.ru) - SEC “Open Code” (Leading Developer); P.V. Sitniko (sitnika@o-code.ru) - “Otkryty kod” LLC (Director), Ph.D; O.L. Surnin (surnin@o-code.ru) - SEC “Open Code” (Manager);
Abstract: This paper presents a new technology of accented visualization for interactive user interfaces that implement modern technologies of Augmented Reality (AR). The analysis of existing approaches has identified a necessity to develop new approaches of AR applications design and development. In particular, it is necessary to develop new principles of UI elements allocation in space, which requires understanding of basic trends in usability. In order to solve the stated problem, the paper proposes a model that describes and combines the concepts of a scenario, focus, a context and an overlay context. Focus is used to represent the user’s current interest and attention. A context formalizes the infor-mation space, where the user functions. An overlay context attracts the user’s interest when required. Thу proposed model allows implementing a technology of accented visualization that consists of generating virtual objects, notifications and hints to attract the users’ attention using AR interfaces. As an example of the accented visualization approach implementation there is described utiliza-tion of the Eye Tracker to manage user’s attention. The provided experiments prove an idea that people acquire information differently and evaluate usability in a relatively new AR environment. The accented visualization technology makes it easier to use interactive panels and AR devices by adopting virtual and active elements of UI considering the requirements and preferences of particular users. The author recommend using the proposed technology in situational centres of monitoring of complex organizational and tech-nical systems, automated systems of post-production support and AR-based interactive electronic user manuals.
Keywords: accented visualization, augmented reality, situational centre, user interface
Visitors: 8893

16. Electronic forms for computer simulators [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: A.V. Vus (79218567422@yandex.ru) - Military Institute of Continuing Professional Education of the VUNTS Navy "Naval Academy" (Adjunct); Ilin V.А. (komandor.99@mail.ru) - St. Petersburg Branch of the R&D Institute Centerprogramsystem (Professor, Director), Ph.D;
Abstract: The paper proposes to use an electronic form for automating the main processes of form transaction for a computer simulator during its maintenance and developing proposals for its further use based on the collected operation data analysis. An electronic form is an electronic equivalent of a standard form. The paper presents a general structure of an electronic form for a computer simulator. It is proposed to store three types of information in an electronic form database. They are: permanent data, operational data and reference information. The paper also describes an operation algorithm for the electronic form. In order to reduce manual operations for collecting and processing data on a simulator state and to eliminate the the human factor affecting the quality of technical documentation, it is proposed to include an automatic data collection and processing module into the electronic form. This module is a client-server system installed on all computer simulator workstations. It allows automating the process of monitoring and analyzing a computer simulator technical state. For the first time, the paper proposes an algorithm of an automatic data collection and processing module. It includes the algorithm of a module client collecting operational data and module servers accumulating and analyzing the obtained data. The application of the proposed module for automatic data collection and processing will allow receiving recommendations on further use of a computer simulator based on the collected information. There is also a generalized algorithm for an electronic form operating with an automatic data collection and processing module. The proposed algorithm of the electronic form will significantly reduce the load on computer simulator staff, therefore, it will allow focusing on preparing a simulator for classes and conducting classes.
Keywords: computer simulator, educatioal process, educational institution, automation of operation processes, algorithm, maintenance quality, maintenance service, electronic form, special software, simulator training
Visitors: 6216

17. Local trends for time series pre-preparation in forecasting problems [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Puchkov E.V. (puchkoff@i-intellect.ru) - Rostov State University of Civil Engineering, Ph.D; Belyavsky G.I. (gbelyavski@sfedu.ru) - Scientific Reseach Institute of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics Southern Federal University, Ph.D;
Abstract: The paper focuses on the studying local trends that describe intermediate movements in non-stationary time series. The first part of the article considers the possibilities of methods of identifying patterns in historical trends using piecewise linear approximation, piecewise logarithmic approximation and the method of local principal components. Local trends have been created using the segmentation method of the bottom-up time series, which allowed identifying the main directions of time series movement. The paper determines the quality criteria and the algorithm for identifying local trends using the proposed methods. There have been some experiments for each time series preprocessing method. It is assumed that the sequence of historical local trends describes the long-term relationship in a time series and might be successfully used for forecasting, for example, based on hybrid neural network methods. The second part of the paper considers the classical application of the Hough transformation for random points approximation on a plane by line segments. There is a disadvantage of this method comparing with the dynamic Hough transformation that takes into account the sample dynamics and can be used in online learning. The authors consider the forecasting algorithm with simultaneous calculation of a local trend using the dynamic Hough transformation. The algorithm is easily extended to other methods of data ap-proximation, which have been considered in the first part of the paper. Computational experiments included real data and used the proposed method. They provided forecasts. The experiments showed that the proposed method helps determining time series trends. The complex periodicity electrocardiogram data and closing prices of Gazprom shares were used for all experiments.
Keywords: forecasting, time series, hough transformation, principal components, approximation, local trend
Visitors: 6401

18. Fuzzy logic algorithms in the control system of a hybrid reflector antenna beamformer [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: О.А. Belousov (dyakin@mail.ru ) - Tambov State Technical University (Associate Professor), Ph.D; Е.V. Ryazanov (711jorik@gmail.com) - Tambov State Technical University; А.S. Kolmykova (anastasiya25tmb@gmail.com) - Tambov State Technical University; А.I. Dyakin (dyakin@mail.ru) - Tambov State Technical University;
Abstract: The paper considers the questions of applying a fuzzy control algorithm in a beamformer. The example is high-efficiency antenna systems, which might include hybrid reflector antenna complexes that allow forming narrow or multi-beam radiation patterns possessing a high gain factor. A hybrid reflector antenna is an antenna system that consists of a multi-element irradiating grid and a mirror, which is usually performed in the form of a paraboloid of revolution. The irradiating array of the antenna consists of a set of active irradiators of a certain design. The antenna itself has a small mass and cost, as well as simple design. The paper justifies the feasibility of using fuzzy logic algorithms, which determines the working sector and the amplitude and phase value of each antenna array radiator in a hybrid mirror antenna depending on the situation at the initial stage. Later, this algorithm generates control actions in the form of an amplitude and phase (amplitude-phase distribution) and delivers these values to the transceiver where an appropriate phase shift occurs and an amplitude is formed on one of the radiators. Thus, within the working sector the main lobe is formed respectively oriented to this or that orbital position. The paper also shows the structural diagram of a controller and a control system, product rules, describes the input and output linguistic variables, gives the results of this algorithm in relation to a control object. As a result, the application of this algorithm in a beamformer control system will allow expanding the coverage area of a satellite transponder, adapting the tuning process of a satellite receiving earth station, increasing communication channel capacity, improving signal quality and jamming resistance under various conditions of satellite data operation.
Keywords: hybrid reflector antenna, directivity diagram, fuzzy logic, fuzzy controller, a control system
Visitors: 7631

19. Comparative analysis of spinlock realizations [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: D.S. Tarakanov (nl40.000@gmail.com) - The National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics; Kosyakov M.S. (mkosyakov@gmail.com, mkosyakov@tbricks.com) - The National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Tbricks AB, Ph.D;
Abstract: The paper considers the problem of performance of multithreaded applications using spinlocks to synchronize access to a critical section. There is a detailed description of this mechanism, indicating potential bottlenecks. There is also an analysis of the existing spinlock implementations (such as POSIX spinlock, ticket spinlock and MCS spinlock) with a de-tailed explanation of their internal structure. In order to evaluate the effectiveness, the authors introduce two characteristics as follows: application agility (time in processor cycles) and the fulfillment of a fairness condition (quantified). The described spinlocks have been prepared and optimized to compare these implementations of spinlocks using a multi-core processor with shared last level cache. In addition, a test application is developed that allows varying the number of threads and the payload in the critical section and outside. The paper contains diagrams and graphs for the values of the introduced charachteristics. Based on the data obtained, characteristic problems (insufficient scalability, non-fulfillment of the fairness condition) for POSIX-spinlock and ticket spinlock are revealed, which negatively affect the performance of applications using these synchronization primitives. An analysis of the causes of these problems shows that the use of POSIX-spinlock and ticket spinlock leads to the need for permanent cache synchronization. Additionally, it is shown that POSIX-spinlock is not fair, and MCS-spinlock might potentially be inefficient with a small number of threads. The obtained results might be used both for further research of synchronization primitives associated with other implementations of the MCS-mechanism or non-blocking algorithms and be considered when choosing a spinlock to use in a real application.
Keywords: multithreading, multicore processors, synchronization primitives, spinlock
Visitors: 4863

20. Structuring and qualitative consideration of a audio stream in a speech synthesis and analysis system [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: N.E. Balakirev (balakirev1949@yandex.ru) - Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (Professor), Ph.D; H.D. Nguyen (nguyenhoangzuy@gmail.com) - Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University); M.A. Malkov (maksi-malkov@yandex.ru) - Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (Engineer-Programmer), Ph.D; M.M. Fadeev (_mix@bk.ru) - Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University);
Abstract: Many approaches to speech recognition do not exclude new views on the recognition process and implementation. The paper focuses on presenting the idea of a new approach, although many practical results have already been obtained on its basis. It is practical results that led to a revision of the basic concepts of structuring a signal sound flow and further rethinking of the toolkit, which is based on a traditional oscillograph. The most important part of a new model is a structural matrix. Such introduction is justified on the example of processing one phoneme. Structural matrices make it possible to obtain the information content of a sound stream at different levels and with different recognition purposes: recognizing a phoneme, the voice of a particular person and speech tonality, including the tonality of the Southeast Asia phonemes. As for the toolkit, an important step in visual representation, which remained unchanged externally, was the possibility of unlimited scaling and using GPU for such implementation. However, the main innovation is that the source material are the structures representing a special kind of model representation and demonstrating the asserted idea and the notion of a qualitative representation of an input signal flow. Systematization of the flow through the structure optimized the process of opening the content of constituent elements (primarily speech). However, it complicated processing to obtain the required material. The toolkit involves both sides of work on the content of speech: analysis and synthesis. Hence, there are two processing directions: formation of structure models from a digitized signal and inverse transformation of such structures into an audio stream.
Keywords: identification, technical speech recognition, qualitative measure, primitive, structural matrix, functional matrix, potential matrix, phonemic quantum
Visitors: 5632

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