Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 2 at 2019 year.

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11. Transformation of data from heterogeneous monitoring systems [№2 за 2019 год]
Author: Ya.A. Bekeneva
Visitors: 5830
The paper presents an approach to the preparation of data obtained from heterogeneous monitoring systems for their further analysis by data mining methods. The main problem of data analysis in moni-toring various processes is the difference in the description of events for different types of sources, in-cluding a data presentation format. In addition, one event might be described using data from different monitoring systems. The paper presents a formal model of the analyzed process, describes the main problems of analyz-ing heterogeneous data, and highlights formal criteria for assigning records from different sources to a single event. In the proposed approach, a source of data is not only real-time records from various monitoring systems, but also account databases used for storing information. The main idea is that moving objects of different types can perform actions as a unit within the framework of the task being studied (for example, a vehicle and a driver). Account systems allow finding relationships between such moving objects and thereby increase the accuracy of combining records related to one event. The proposed approach has been tested on real data obtained from an enterprise. After applying all described transformations, it has become possible to significantly reduce the excess dimension of an aggregate data table, as well as significantly reduce the number of missing values. When data analy-sis was difficult due to their different formats, such data were brought to a single format and presented in the form of a single table that is convenient for further research using data mining methods.

12. Forecasting time series of infectious morbidity [№2 за 2019 год]
Author: S.A. Tarasova
Visitors: 6383
The paper presents the topicality and the extent of prior investigation of the problem of forecasting in-fectious morbidity of the population. It also proposes one of the methods of forecasting population’s infectious morbidity based on the classical time series decomposition. Typically, the structure of infectious morbidity time series consists of a trend and a seasonal com-ponent with one or two peaks depending on the type of infection, as well as a residual component, which must satisfy the conditions of randomness, independence and normal distribution of levels with a mathematical expectation equal to zero. When these conditions are fulfilled, the classical decomposi-tion methods identify both the long-term tendency of the process development and seasonal changes. The technique assumes algorithmic and analytical alignment of time series, finding seasonal variations as averaged normalized deviations of actual series levels from the trend line. It does not imply a resid-ual component in seasonality indices, which provides more accurate forecasts of deterministic compo-nents of the time series. The algorithm consists of the following stages. At the first stage, moving averages align the time se-ries, which allows reducing a residual component and obtaining a combination of a trend and seasonal component of the time series. The second stage includes generation of a trend equation using the meth-od of least squares. The trend equation reflects a long-term tendency of the dynamics. The third stage includes calculation of seasonality indices, which show the degree of the seasonal time series deviation from the trend. At the fourth stage, the forecasting model is checked for adequacy. At the fifth stage in-cludes forecasting infectious morbidity for future periods based on extrapolation of the trend and tak-ing into account seasonality indices. The study represents an adequate model for forecasting the population’s morbidity of acute respira-tory viral infections in Russia; its verification has shown sufficient accuracy and reliability of further forecasts.

13. Forecasting the state of a technical object using machine learning methods [№2 за 2019 год]
Authors: Klyachkin, V.N., D.A. Zhukov
Visitors: 6902
State identification of a technical object during its operation enables early detection of malfunction and in-service repair. The diagnostics is frequently confined to splitting object states into two classes: a healthy and failure state. When solving this problem, it is possible to use machine learning methods for binary classification. The basic data in this paper are the known results (precedents) of a system state evaluation: the technical system is nonfaulty or faulty with predetermined values of monitored indicators. There are many different approaches to binary classification. They are classical statistical models, methods fo-cusing on machine learning, composite methods and others. In order to improve quality of forecasting, it is appropriate to use an aggregated approach that is a combination of several classification methods. The program developed in Matlab allows forecasting a system state by its predetermined operation indicators. The user may select a validation set volume, a learning method, and recognition quality cri-teria. The authors have conducted a numerical study on two examples. The evaluation of a hydraulic unit good condition has taken into account a vibration stability criterion according to the results of moni-toring sensors installed in various places. The aggregated classifier which includes gradient boosting and logistic regression showed the best result. In analysis of water treatment system in respect to drink-ing water quality, the maximum F-criterion value was when aggregating a neural network and bagging of decision trees.

14. Programs for simulating temperature fields in cylindrical products [№2 за 2019 год]
Authors: Margolis B.I., Mansoor Gubran Ali
Visitors: 6690
The paper describes a temperature field model in a cylindrical product during an asymmetric convective-radiative heat transfer of surfaces with the environment and protecting surfaces (heating elements) of production equip-ment. The equations for calculating temperature distribution in the product using numerical finite-difference methods. There is a calculation example of convective-radiative cooling of a cylindrical body. It is stated that the described problem is possible to solve in Matlab. Based on the standard MatLab function pdepe, there is a developed program that allows simulating a product temperature field according to specified on thermo-physical characteristics of the material (thermal conductivity, temperature conductivity) and parameters of the convective-radiative heat transfer (a convective heat transfer co-efficient and given degrees of blackness). The paper describes the program development features related to assign-ing functions of differential equations, initial and boundary conditions. There are the main functions of the devel-oped programs, as well as the temperature distribution calculation results. The authors present a comparative analysis of the problem solution in Matlab with the results obtained using finite-difference relations. They also demonstrate their good agreement. A two-dimensional heat conduction prob-lem in a cylindrical body is solved using a parabolic function, which is one of Matlab tools to solve parabolic type problems. The cylindrical domain has been triangulated using the initmesh function. There are some fragments of the program codes of boundary conditions functions and a visual image of a two-dimensional temperature distri-bution in a hollow cylinder. When solving a thermal two-dimensional cylindrical problem, the temperature gradi-ents in height are almost absent. Therefore, there is an excellent coincidence of the temperature field with the re-sults obtained by finite-difference methods and using the function pdepe. The developed methods in the long term allow solving problems of modeling temperature field in high-quality cylindrical glass products (a glass, a bottle, a flask) that have a side face and a back surface.

15. Development of the case-based reasoning module for identification of acoustic-emission monitoring signals of complex technical objects [№2 за 2019 год]
Authors: Varshavskiy P.R., Alekhin R.V., A.V. Kozhevnikov
Visitors: 7074
The paper examines important issues of developing a module for identifying signals obtained during acoustic emission monitoring of complex technical objects using case-based reasoning (CBR). Case-based methods and systems are used to solve a number of artificial intelligence problems (for example, for modeling plausible reasoning (common sense reasoning), machine learning, intellectual decision support, intelligent information search, data mining and etc.). The storage and analysis of acoustic emission monitoring data of complex technical objects in digi-tal form made it possible to ensure the required speed and multivariate data processing, which the pa-per technology could not provide. As the amount of heterogeneous data grows, the amount of work for an operator in qualitative analyzing has increased. To improve the efficiency of an operator, it is pro-posed to solve the problem of distributing and identifying the acoustic emission monitoring data by CBR tools. The CBR module for identifying acoustic emission signals has been developed in C# using MS Vis-ual Studio. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions, the paper shows the results of computational experiments on real expert data obtained from acoustic emission monitoring of metal constructions.

16. Implementing metalinguistic abstraction to support OOP using C [№2 за 2019 год]
Authors: A.M. Dergachev, I.O. Zhirkov , I.P. Loginov , Yu.D. Korenkov
Visitors: 4502
The paper shows the use of higher order macro definitions to support the object-oriented programming paradigm in C89 without extensions. Choosing the right programming style is important prior to writing a code. A large class of problems is described using object-oriented programming style. Many main-stream programming languages such as C++, C# or Java provide support for this programming style. However, it is not always possible to utilize these languages as the required development software such as compilers for some platforms might not be available. A typical example of this situation is Applica-tion-Specific Instruction-set Processor (ASIP), which is provided with a C compiler. The smaller set of C language features and its low-level nature allow quick and cheap compiler implementation. At the same time, the C preprocessor can be used for a sophisticated logic generation that goes far beyond simple parameterized substitutions. This paper presents an internal support of the object-oriented programming style implemented in C89 without language extensions via an extensive usage of higher-order macro definitions. The exam-ple code shows the implementation of encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism principles. Encap-sulation syntactically prohibits accessing private fields and methods in compile time. We pay special attention to type-safety of generated code: the inheritance implementation does not weaken the already weak static typing used in C. The results of this work can be used to construct object-oriented programs using only C89 compiler in case the usage of object-oriented languages is impossible.

17. Item-based recommender system with statistical learning for unauthorized customers [№2 за 2019 год]
Author: A.V. Filipyev
Visitors: 6317
The paper aims to reveal that using statistical learning approaches for recommender systems makes personal communication with customers better than the expert opinion regarding this question does. The author uses a cosine similarity distance as a basis for developing a machine learning recommenda-tion model. However, this distance has high calculation costs, therefore the paper considers the ways of solving this problem. The probability matrix of purchasing one item with another was calculated in or-der to weight cosine similarity and to avoid the situation when unpopular products are put at the top of a recommendation list. A weighted sum model joins cosine similarity and probability matrices and buildes recommendation sequences. User-based collaborative filtering is the most popular algorithm to build personal recom-mendation. However, it is useless when it is impossible to identify a user in the system. The developed algorithm based on cosine similarity distances, probability matrix and weighted sums allows building an item-to-item recommendation model. The main idea of this approach is to offer additional products to clients when only products in a cart are known. The item-to-item recommendation algorithm has shown advantages of using statistical machine learning approaches in order to improve communication with clients through a mobile application and a website. An integrated recommendation module has re-vealed that developing a data-driven culture is a right way of many modern companies.

18. Problems and methods of their decision in the net automatical systems of the Navy's technical support control [№2 за 2019 год]
Authors: E.I. Mukhitov, A.A. Bavula
Visitors: 3956
The object of investigation is a net structure of the Navy maintenance support. The development of lo-gistical intelligent systems, virtual agencies of military control, net strategy, and other advanced tech-nologies will be based on experience, knowledge, intuition of officer managers and will be integrated into artificial intellect systems for military purposes. The net architecture will contribute to creating of intellectual environment in the socio-, techno- and cyber spheres, all types of human activities, includ-ing the further work of net operators, who are able to operate information, integrate into knowledge (scenarios) and provide ready-made solution options for the officials of the maintenance support con-trol agencies using artificial intelligence. One of ways of creating a highly effective net architecture is algorithmisation and growth of net computing resource accessibility. Modern and practical accents are moving from the “computer” con-cept to the “net” concept, and from intelligent activities of officer operators of military control agen-cies to introduction of virtual net operators, who are able to process badly formalised information (to aggregate, separate, refine, integrate, analyze, etc.). Therefore, automated control systems are able to provide mathematically adjusted ready-made scenarios of decisions for decision makers using software and specializing artificial intelligence systems. The novelty of the proposed method is that during decision-making, as far as the hierarchy of the maintenance support control increases, the comparative analysis and the criterial estimation in a quali-ty spiral occur simultaneously. The integration of these processes is an additional important factor for modernization of advanced automated control systems. Modern wars and their transition into the cy-berspace do not leave the time for the important decision-making stages for the officials of the control agencies. Therefore, the proposed scenario-logistical approach and the algorithmisation of mainte-nance support processes will give the opportunity to reduce the time and provide a sufficiently high quality level of administrative decisions.

19. Social features of mobile application development [№2 за 2019 год]
Author: A.I. Mostyaev
Visitors: 4422
Modern mobile application development technologies evolved at an unprecedented rate seeking for newer and newer user demands. Developers are working hard to not fall behind and try to maintain the popularity of their applications in all kinds of ways, introducing new amazing features and options. The paper describes the most common features of mobile applications and their support comparing with desktop analogs. Considering these features during mobile application development and maintenance should eliminate a misunderstanding between mobile users and mobile developers. It will be usefull for both sides. The paper starts with a quick overview of the mobile application history, giving a picture of the evolution speed in the industry. Further, it describes the most common mobile application features. A special attention is given to both technical details and usability of applications. The following features are marked: close integration with an operating system, short sessions, internet service integration and variety of mobile devices. The development features are a special life cycle and integration of third-party internet services. A special attention is paid to the quality of application localization, localization features for some countries and working with text and visual data in application stores. In conclusion, the paper gives a list of requirements to a modern successful application. The author also mentiones an interesting fact that development features of these applications are related to the cur-rent social trends.

20. A specialized enterprise service bus for unified information space of oil and gas industry [№2 за 2019 год]
Authors: N.G. Markov , I.V. Evsyutkin
Visitors: 3169
The paper shows that many modern companies operate a large number of heterogeneous information systems for various purposes. Therefore, their integration is relevant. In this regard, it is important to develop a linking software system, which should be specialized for specific conditions of a company. One of the research areas in this field is studying capabilities of a service-oriented architecture concept in relation to building corporate information systems and integrating them with the already operated in-formation systems of a company in order to create a unified information space. A key component in a service-oriented architecture is an enterprise service bus (ESB). This is a middleware for centralized and unified event-oriented messaging between different information systems. The paper analyzes the most popular existing ESB and integration platforms for developing new ESB. It is shown that the most part of the existing ESB is functionally excessive, has high price and re-quires additional development taking into account the specifics of a company when developing ESB on a platform basis. Therefore, creation of new specialized ESB is likely to succeed. It is shown that a framework that is sufficient for developing a specialized ESB for the companies of oil and gas industry is .NET framework. The paper considers functionality of the created specialized ESB and its program implementation features. There are the results of the efficiency research of a specialized ESB and its comparative analysis with ESB of the most popular producers. The paper shows the results of approba-tion of an specialized ESB when solving the problem of integrating various information systems for production management of an oil and gas extraction company using a service-oriented architecture model for the unified information space of the company.

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