Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 4 at 2018 year.

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1. Ontologies in the problems of building a concept domain model [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Vinogradov G.P., A.A. Prokhorov
Visitors: 5211
The purpose of the research is the problem of communication between information systems and between an information system and an operator. The problem is relevant due to the IT intellectualization that leads to the fact that an information system acquires the features of an intellectual agent. So, there are new prospects for the digital economy, where information interaction at the network level plays an important role. The methodological basis of the research are the results from theoretical semiotics, from the use of ontology as a form of real world knowledge representation, as well as the publication of domestic and foreign scientists on the problem of communication between information systems. The research includes the communication process analysis. It is revealed that the intelligent agent considers a message as a decision result either to inform or to change the status of another agent. It is shown that communication should be considered as one of the types of control, such as behavior. The authors prove that, in relation to the theory of behavior, this approach requires including psychological aspects into the subject area of the theory of choice. First of all, these are the problems of perception, awareness, understanding the properties of the situation of choice and building assessments of the results of choice, communication, conflict, the introduction of new concepts and the relations between them of a number of others. Communication process support systems should contain a domain model that is understandable and interpreted by a user. It is shown that conceptual modeling of the subject domain based on ontologies is the most appropriate way to build it. The conceptual model consists of a conceptual structure and a concept content description. A conceptual structure is a set of concepts on which four abstraction maps are defined: generalization, type designs, association, and aggregation. A concept content description is carried out using database tables. The essential difference of the used conceptual model from others is describing an association as a usual concept. It is shown that, due to the semantic invariance of conceptual interpretation, it is possible to improve technological and operational characteristics of an information system. The proposed approach creates the basis for the development and organization of the interface of artificial entities both among themselves and with an operator based on a certain “professional language”, which is relevant to a particular subject domain. This involves considering an interface as a sign system and using methods of the theory of artificial intelligence to build it.

2. Building a specialist’s knowledge model in the digital economy [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Vinogradov G.P., N.G. Vinogradova, D.A. Shapel
Visitors: 5484
The purpose of the study is to investigate the problem of forming a training standard and the construction of a higher education specialist knowledge model. These problems are considered important when managing the process of professional personnel training for the digital economy. The authors used the methods of system analysis, the theory of active systems, the theory of information management, coordinated management in organizational systems, methods and approaches of the artificial intelligence theory. The research shows that Russia's entry into the Bologna Process caused some downturns. Specialists’ training effectiveness and quality has become lower. It has become difficult to integrate higher education institutions into a new social and economic system of the country. Specialists’ training goals, including the goals at all training stages, do not conform to the goals of economic entities. At the same time, universities are the ones who are mainly responsible for training specialists who meet the requirements of the digital economy. One of the ways to overcome these downturns might be the transition of universities to the design and technological type of work organization. Then the most promising form of educational project management is the implementation of the model of information interaction between parties concerned (organizations and universities) within the framework of active self-developing network expert environments. The paper presents the structure of an active self-developing network expert environment and its functioning principles when forming specialist’s model standards and knowledge. This approach allows considering the construction of training standards and development of a specialist knowledge model in the context of corporate intellectual potential management strategies. The implementation of this approach is a multi-stage process of collecting, analyzing, evaluating and processing large amounts of information. The authors propose a system that provides searching, filtering, summarizing information, determining its value and prospects. It is established that the method of improving the quality of educational project decisions is the synthesis of network expertise technologies and the methodology of the theory of active systems. The paper shows that the effective formation of training standards and a specialists’ knowledge model is possible within the framework of self-organizing expert environments that are presented as active systems with heterogeneous agents with a counter method of communicating information with the active influence of the center. The effective implementation of this approach implies changing the goals of the higher education system from meeting the needs for training higher education personnel шт order to develop an innovative economy. This will ensure the interaction of universities and organizations in the management of their intellectual capital in the digital economy on a new legislative basis.

3. Optimal feedback control for one class of nonlinear systems via quadratic criterion [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: A.P. Afanasiev, S.M. Dzyuba, Pchelintsev, A.N., Emelyanova, I.I.
Visitors: 6297
The paper considers the problem of synthesizing optimal control for non-linear systems with a separated linear part upon quadratic criterion. This problem is rather significant, since such models are used to described many models of technical, physical, biological and economical systems. The paper presents a method of synthesizing optimal feedback control. This method is based on a special method of successive approximations. It is developed from the results described in earlier papers of the authors. These papers have proved that, if the system operation time is small enough, then the suggested method converges uniformly. This establishes the existence of a solution for the initial problem in the form of a feedback control law, and provides a procedure for approximate development of this law. If the system operation time is long, as it usually happens, then it is impossible to prove the uniform convergence of the successive approximations method due to the specific nature of the method. However, numerous computational experiments have demonstrated that simple convergence of the method can be in many cases. Moreover, it can be demonstrated that, if the method converges within a random time interval, its convergence implies the existence of a solution for the initial problem. Thus, it additionally provides an approximate solution of the problem in the form of a feedback control law. Therefore, the suggested method is justified for solving problems in many real world situations. The paper presents an example of applying this method for solving the problem of stabilization of Watt governor operation modes. This example has practical significance, as stabilization of Watt governor is a classical problem of the control theory. The numerical implementation of the example applies the methods of object-oriented programming. The numerical experiment has shown that the method in question allows stabilizing Watt governor operation within a rather wide range of parameter extraction.

4. Structuring and qualitative consideration of a audio stream in a speech synthesis and analysis system [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: N.E. Balakirev, H.D. Nguyen, M.A. Malkov, M.M. Fadeev
Visitors: 5621
Many approaches to speech recognition do not exclude new views on the recognition process and implementation. The paper focuses on presenting the idea of a new approach, although many practical results have already been obtained on its basis. It is practical results that led to a revision of the basic concepts of structuring a signal sound flow and further rethinking of the toolkit, which is based on a traditional oscillograph. The most important part of a new model is a structural matrix. Such introduction is justified on the example of processing one phoneme. Structural matrices make it possible to obtain the information content of a sound stream at different levels and with different recognition purposes: recognizing a phoneme, the voice of a particular person and speech tonality, including the tonality of the Southeast Asia phonemes. As for the toolkit, an important step in visual representation, which remained unchanged externally, was the possibility of unlimited scaling and using GPU for such implementation. However, the main innovation is that the source material are the structures representing a special kind of model representation and demonstrating the asserted idea and the notion of a qualitative representation of an input signal flow. Systematization of the flow through the structure optimized the process of opening the content of constituent elements (primarily speech). However, it complicated processing to obtain the required material. The toolkit involves both sides of work on the content of speech: analysis and synthesis. Hence, there are two processing directions: formation of structure models from a digitized signal and inverse transformation of such structures into an audio stream.

5. Fuzzy logic algorithms in the control system of a hybrid reflector antenna beamformer [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: О.А. Belousov, Е.V. Ryazanov, А.S. Kolmykova, А.I. Dyakin
Visitors: 7616
The paper considers the questions of applying a fuzzy control algorithm in a beamformer. The example is high-efficiency antenna systems, which might include hybrid reflector antenna complexes that allow forming narrow or multi-beam radiation patterns possessing a high gain factor. A hybrid reflector antenna is an antenna system that consists of a multi-element irradiating grid and a mirror, which is usually performed in the form of a paraboloid of revolution. The irradiating array of the antenna consists of a set of active irradiators of a certain design. The antenna itself has a small mass and cost, as well as simple design. The paper justifies the feasibility of using fuzzy logic algorithms, which determines the working sector and the amplitude and phase value of each antenna array radiator in a hybrid mirror antenna depending on the situation at the initial stage. Later, this algorithm generates control actions in the form of an amplitude and phase (amplitude-phase distribution) and delivers these values to the transceiver where an appropriate phase shift occurs and an amplitude is formed on one of the radiators. Thus, within the working sector the main lobe is formed respectively oriented to this or that orbital position. The paper also shows the structural diagram of a controller and a control system, product rules, describes the input and output linguistic variables, gives the results of this algorithm in relation to a control object. As a result, the application of this algorithm in a beamformer control system will allow expanding the coverage area of a satellite transponder, adapting the tuning process of a satellite receiving earth station, increasing communication channel capacity, improving signal quality and jamming resistance under various conditions of satellite data operation.

6. Electronic forms for computer simulators [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: A.V. Vus, Ilin V.А.
Visitors: 6202
The paper proposes to use an electronic form for automating the main processes of form transaction for a computer simulator during its maintenance and developing proposals for its further use based on the collected operation data analysis. An electronic form is an electronic equivalent of a standard form. The paper presents a general structure of an electronic form for a computer simulator. It is proposed to store three types of information in an electronic form database. They are: permanent data, operational data and reference information. The paper also describes an operation algorithm for the electronic form. In order to reduce manual operations for collecting and processing data on a simulator state and to eliminate the the human factor affecting the quality of technical documentation, it is proposed to include an automatic data collection and processing module into the electronic form. This module is a client-server system installed on all computer simulator workstations. It allows automating the process of monitoring and analyzing a computer simulator technical state. For the first time, the paper proposes an algorithm of an automatic data collection and processing module. It includes the algorithm of a module client collecting operational data and module servers accumulating and analyzing the obtained data. The application of the proposed module for automatic data collection and processing will allow receiving recommendations on further use of a computer simulator based on the collected information. There is also a generalized algorithm for an electronic form operating with an automatic data collection and processing module. The proposed algorithm of the electronic form will significantly reduce the load on computer simulator staff, therefore, it will allow focusing on preparing a simulator for classes and conducting classes.

7. A methodology for constructing software architecture of energy efficient management plans for MIMO process facilities on a set of functioning states [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: A.N. Gribkov, D.Yu. Muromtsev, V.N. Shamkin, I.V. Tyurin
Visitors: 4933
The paper considers theoretical and practical aspects of constructing a software architecture of energy efficient management plans for MIMO process facilities on a set of functioning states. The classification of control systems takes into account changes in functioning states during operation. The authors describe the possibilities of identifying the current functioning state in a control time slot. They also structure the software of energy efficient management plans with allocating functional subsystems and software modules. The general architecture of a energy efficient management plan includes a knowledge and data management subsystem, an interface subsystem and six basic software modules. The knowledge and data management subsystem includes a knowledge base, an inference engine, a database and a database management system. The interface subsystem consists of an initial data input module, a cognitive graphics module and an integrated development environment. The basic software modules of the energy efficient management plan are the following: an identification module of a control object dynamics model, a module for analysis of optimal control tasks, a module for synthesis of optimal control actions, a simulation module, a module for identification of a current functioning state, and an experiment planning module. Each basic module has determined system classes on a set of functioning states, in the software architecture of which it can be included. The paper proposes a methodology for constructing a software architecture of different energy efficient management plans on a set of functioning states. It also considers the features of software implementation of energy efficient management plans based on various approaches (using applied and software tools).

8. Support tools for modeling logical rules in the RVML notation [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: Dorodnykh N.O., Yurin A.Yu., Korshunov S.A.
Visitors: 6105
Nowadays there is a wide range of different means and methods of knowledge representation and processing. At the same time, a rule-based model is still one of the most common and popular formalisms of knowledge representation for the development of expert systems for various purposes. In turn, the effective application of languages for rule-based knowledge base engineering requires the use and creation of specialized toolkits that provide the visualization of this process. The use of specialized notations, which extend existing ones (UML in particular) is promising in the field of visualization of rule base engineering. The Rule Visual Modeling Language (RVML) is an example of such UML extension. The paper describes the main elements of RVML and software that supports it. In particular, it considers the webcentric Web RVML Editor. This editor supports RVML and is designed for end-users who are non-programmers. It also provides integration with external specialized software that is: the Knowledge Base Development System to access converting modules and Personal Knowledge Base Designer to test knowledge bases. The paper describes the Web RVML Editor architecture, its main functions and GUI. The paper also presents the Tiny RVML Editor that is desktop software. It is a prototype of the Web RVML Editor and it duplicates it functionally. The described software provide multi-platform support for visual engineering of logical rules in RVML notation and use the common approach and principles of GUI organization.

9. A modified algorithm of random multiple access with successive interference cancellation [№4 за 2018 год]
Author: S.A. Zhezhera
Visitors: 7543
The subject of the study is the analysis of the throughput and reliability of wireless networks in multiple random access systems. The article investigates the possibility of increasing the efficiency of random multiple access with interference mitigation. In a multiple-access system, data transmission is based on the competition of stations for the overall transmission medium. Each node that does not have a debt passes a packet while risking to fall into random conflicts. The aim of the article is a new solution for the joint operation of an algorithm with an interference mitigation procedure when the base station is able to subtract a subscriber signal from a previously received signal in order to recover a residual signal to improve the reliability of wireless networks with pulsed traffic. The modified algorithm is based on the idea of searching in the set of received signals of an orthogonal subset that allows simultaneously extracting all the set of conflicting signals. The algorithm uses a full search and therefore has considerable computational complexity. Research results revealed that the process of conflict resolution is accelerating when using the procedure for canceling interference. In order to do this, subscriber signals should be stored in special additional memory cells. When the multiple access algorithm is modified into an outgoing signal from each subscriber, the service information of the previous attempts to transmit the signal is added. The exclusive right to use the procedure to cancel interference can reduce the probability of conflicts and thus increase the quality of data transmission. The paper proposes to use a modified algorithm from the ALOHA family with the possibility of canceling interference in networks using the Poisson input stream.

10. Information system for processing and storing information on chemical reaction kinetics [№4 за 2018 год]
Authors: N.V. Zvyagintsev, Billig V.A.
Visitors: 4096
Nowadays, chemoinformatics is actively developing. This science allows predicting many properties of substances including reactivity, biological activity, etc. In particular, many specialists investigate QSAR dependencies that allow predicting various properties based on structure data. The creation of such models requires representative data samples and interfaces to work with this data. Therefore, the creation of specialized databases is an important task of chemoinformatics. At present, there is a number of databases with kinetic parameters of reactions, containing information on chemical reaction kinetics (reaction rate constants, activation energies, etc.). However, most databases with kinetic parameters do not provide specialized services (API) for data software analysis. The paper considers the information system LacertaLab containing a database and specialized services for processing and analyzing chemical reactions data. The database allows storing both kinetic parameters of the reactions and the data on a chemical reaction mechanism. The information system allows searching for relationships between reaction parameters using the least squares method. The system software services (API) provide access to information from databases and allow building QSAR models, including a number of mathematical functions for processing data (for example, OLS). The information system LacertaLab is able to interact with external services, obtain kinetic parameters from them and store them in its own database.

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