Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 1 at 2018 year.

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1. Principles of creating hybrid integrated automated systems of technological process design and control [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: G.B. Burdo, N.A. Semenov
Visitors: 4166
It is known that domestic and foreign machine building industry have been affected by serious structural changes over the past few years. Their main point is that the part of single piece and small-lot machinery production (multiproduct engineering manufacture, MM) is up to 25–30 per cent in the total amount of machine building industry products. However, the problems of automated technological process design and automated production control are solved in the indicated production types. This is due to the fact that multiproduct machinery production systems stand out for high acceleration capacity. Moreover, transfer of batch production experience leads to significant delay of a control action and its incorrectness, and designed technologies don’t count a production system state. The bailout plan is possible in the case of information integration of technological process design automation systems and automated technological process control systems. In this regard automated technological process control systems must provide a possibility to correct production plans at all levels quickly. The paper shows relevance of the proposed concept of information integration of automated systems of technological process design and control in a multiproduct manufacture. The research is based on the system theory framework and the product life cycle methodology. The authors examine the hierarchy of the systems and explain the principles of creating integrated systems and their subsystems. They also suggest the decision-making method for technological process design and control in hybrid systems.

2. Algorithms for gamma radiation sources identification [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: A.E. Davydov, I.K. Fomina, B.B. Nikolsky
Visitors: 6207
The article considers the problem of transition from analog to digital ionizing radiation recorders. It also analyzes multiobjective hardware tasks and characteristics of digital data processing application and microprocessor control, as well as common types of gamma-radiation detectors based on Geiger-Muller detectors and detectors crystal based on scintillators. The paper determines the process task of applying portable gamma-ray detectors. The authors propose software and hardware solutions for applying microcontrollers and creating instruments for radiation situation analysis and assessment, gamma radiation detection and identification. They also present the mathematical and algorithmic solutions implemented in control systems of ionizing radiation detection units. The paper shows the advantages of using digital control systems based on microcontrollers as part of ionizing radiation detection units. There is an algorithm for correcting a detector counting characteristic based on Geiger-Muller counters by calculating correction coefficients of counters. The paper shows the results of experimental evaluation of algorithms of gamma radiation sources detection. There are recommendations on creating an effective instrument detection framework consisting of algorithms for measurement of dose rate and identification of a gamma radiation source. The authors discuss technical solutions for the implementation of new ways of processing data from gamma radiation detectors. The paper proposes a solution for identifying ionizing radiation sources by a software-mathematical method. There is an analysis of two algorithms of identifying gamma radiation sources based on the window method of analyzing spectrometric information. The authors investigate the problem of false positives of the considered algorithm. They propose some options of optimization of the considered identification algorithms to reduce the number of false positives.

3. A web-model of a distributed real-time information system [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: N.А. Ostroglazov, А.I. Chugunov, М.А. Kudrin, V.V. Elizarov
Visitors: 10132
The article describes the approaches to solving the problem of efficient use of computing resources in the design of complex web-oriented distributed systems. It also describes the development of a web real-time model of a distributed information system for competitions of academic works. The system is implemented in Yii framework in PHP. The MVC design pattern (Model View Controller) provides the interaction between the application server and the client application. The “representation” is a user interface with tools for working in the system, and a controller enables interaction between a model and a representation. The client application is based on a design pattern Module using the mechanism of closures in JavaScript. Such approach to a web system structure creates the conditions to enable centralized processing, storage and delivery of spatial data via the Internet for remote users. The system includes the separation of users by roles: Administrator, Reviewer and Participant. The article describes user activity diagrams with the roles of an Administrator and a Reviewer. Activity diagrams are built on the UML methodology (Unified Modeling Language). The developed system allows real-time applying for participation in the contest of scientific and educational works as a Contestant, reviewing, approving, rejecting and sending applications for revision, as well as generating documents that summarize the results as a Reviewer. Thus, the described system provides and controls the entire cycle of activities for organizing a contest of academic works in a web system.

4. Tools for determining a linguistic-statistical affinity of languages using the turkic morpheme model [№1 за 2018 год]
Author: A.B. Almenova
Visitors: 6357
The article proposes a new approach and tools for linguistic-statistical comparing of Turkic languages affinity using the Turkic morpheme model. This model is a structured description of Turkic morphemes, which consists of morpheme properties and their manifestation contexts at all language levels (phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic) [3, 5]. The tools determining the linguistic-statistical affinity of Turkic languages is implemented as a web resource that processes information about the language represented in the morpheme model database. Comparing the affinity of languages by linguistic-statistical methods using the Turkic morpheme model can be made at different lan-guage levels: morphological, syntactic, lexical. The paper describes four following methods: comparing the number of affixational mor-phemes corresponding to a grammatical category; comparing the number of allomorphs in one morpheme; comparing the joined-up and separate writing of morphemes; comparing the order of affixational morphemes within the word form. Nowadays the model database is filled up for Tatar, Kazakh, Crimean Tatar, Turkish and Uzbek languages. It allows comparing linguistic-statistical affinity of the languages in pairs. The proposed method can be used to compare language morphologies to obtain information on the affinity of dialects to a literary lan-guage, as well as to detect the affinity of one language dialects to dialects and a literary language of other languages. Our methodology and tools can be used not only for Turkic languages, but for any closely related languages of the agglutinative type.

5. Cost estimation in software projects design using the mountain algorithm [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: Zubkova, T.M., E.N. Natochaya
Visitors: 6136
Cost estimation in software development allows reducing the probability of making incorrect or not making necessary management decisions, the probability of obtaining unplanned results of software projects. The article performs the analysis of basic approaches to the problem of software projects cost estimation: the linear approach, the method of function points and using empirical data. The paper proposes the technique of cost estimation in software projects design based on the mountain algorithm. The paper describes mathematical support and software to solve the problem. The task is implemented according to the application composition model and the early design model. To estimate software project costs it is offered to record the price of programs according to their group of complexity. The paper considers three groups of software products complexity: simple (design takes up to 4 months), average (design takes from 4 months to one year), high (design exceeds a year). The paper explains the use of the mountain clustering method for combining software products in groups based on a similarity of signs. Based on the offered method, the software system of software projects cost estimation is developed in order to increase objectivity and efficiency of the decisions made by developers. Input data of the software system are a structure of an enterprise, a specification, a table of estimates of software product elements, the Boehm table. The algorithm of a mountain clustering acts as controlling influence. The resources supporting execution of software system functions are hardware and software of the company. At the system output, the report on costs of software product design is created.

6. Study of the influence of initialization algorithms of Volterry network weight coefficients on forecast problem solving [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: I.V. Lyozina, K.V. Saraeva
Visitors: 10156
The article describes an automated system designed by the authors for forecasting oil market quotes by Volterry neural network. The system runs three algorithms for weight coefficients initialization: the annihilation simulation algorithm, the evolutionary algorithm and random initialization. A user is able to upload samples, set learning parameters, select a learning algorithm for weight coefficients initialization, define their parameters and look through forecasting results. Moreover, a user can save parameters of a neural network to a XML file to provide an ability to perform forecasting by using preset parameters of a trained network. While testing a user can open a network saved earlier or work with a current one, load a sample file and then look at the results. All results are kept in .xlsx files. The developed software can be used for forecasting a market oil price. Standard deviation is an evaluation criterion of the designed application. To make a testing experiment the authors selected Brent and WTA oil prices during the period from December 31, 2005 till December 31, 2016. The article shows the results of researching a dependency of forecasting quality according to the selected algorithms. The results show that a random initialization (learning coefficient 0.01, a number of neurons L=3, a number of layers K=3) produces a bigger error than the annihilation simulation algorithm or the evolutionary algorithm. As a result, using optimization algorithms for initialization of weight coefficients provides more accurate forecasting result than a random initialization.

7. The study of the variation coefficient distribution in problems of test statistical analysis [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: Agamirov L.V., Agamirov V.L., Vestyak V.A.
Visitors: 7211
The paper considers the problem of exact distribution of the variation coefficient, the statistical characteristic used for analyzing random variable measurements, the fluctuations in technological processes for production of materials, semi-finished products, machine parts and structural elements, as well as for studying scattering of mechanical properties, es-pecially under variable loads. The importance of the variation coefficient is also determined by the fact that it is one of the design parameters for justification of reliability, durability and life. Safe operation of machines and structures largely depends from the reliable determination of this coefficient. The exact distribution of the variation coefficient for normal population is obtained based on the well-known theorem on the distribution function of the ratio of two random variables. In this case, it is a sample mean square deviation having the chi-square distribution and the sample mean with the normal distribution law. The obtained exact formulas for the variation coefficient distribution were verified by multiple statistical modeling by the Monte Carlo method, which has confirmed the accuracy of analytical calculations. In order to simplify practical calculations, the authors consider an approximate model that has shown an error of no more than 1,5 % for observational volumes from 3 to 20. The paper considers the estimation examples of confidence limits, failure-free operation probability and other reliability problems based on the obtained solutions.

8. Software system for research a measurement error of a laser experimental roundness measurement instrument [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: V.N. Belopukhov, O.A. Zayakin, A.V. Manukhin, A.A. Rostov
Visitors: 6989
The purpose of the work is to develop a software system for assistance in experimental research on a new out-of-roundness measurement method. One of the important aims of the research is to learn the main measurement error of this method. The Samara branch of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences has developed a laboratory layout of the device. Now the Samara University uses it in the training process and updates it further. The method assumes that a focused laser beam scans the controlled surface, while a mirrored laser beam position is determined (Patent RF 2109250). Its practical application is controlling the deviation of a bearing inner ring tread form. The functions of the research software system are the following: acquiring pre-processed data from external files; calculating a radial profile, out-of-roundness and waviness after a single scan; statistical analysis of these measurement results by rescans series data and estimation of the coordinate measurement error in each point of a profile. According to the preliminary results of the measurement series analysis, its estimated basic error is 0.07 m for out-of-roundness and 0.05 m for waviness without considering the cinematic error during scanning. These results compare well with ones that currently used instruments give, such as interferometers and contact circular meters, in the practical application considered here. Measurement error is mainly caused by kinematic inaccuracies during operating a turning sub-unit for the controlled object. The conclusion implies that the device laboratory layout still needs updating and its metrological characteristics can be improved. Taking into account the lack of funding in the research, it is suggested to acquize and pre-process data in places where it is possible to do, whereas perform further calculating in the cloud.

9. Conceptual basis for developing trainig models of a complex software system assembling generator [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: V.O. Georgiev, N.A. Prokopev, D.S. Polikashin
Visitors: 4820
The paper presents a conceptual basis for developing training prototypes of an interactive assembling system for automatic building of application software systems. This basis was obtained during practical works in such courses as “Software systems design and architecture” and “Object-oriented analysis and design”. Software systems generation is based on the Theory of program schemes concepts, its standard structural schemes and program engineering methodologies. Assembling occurs in user interaction on a professional language. The professional dialogue language is based on the concept of intellectual interface and comprises a combination of a strictly programmed dialogue and a free scripted dialogue. The purpose of the system is practical demonstration of basic stages and operations when developing complex software according to a layout-modelling approach to software engineering briefly summarized in the paper. The paper also includes formulations and solutions for some important problems of complex software systems generation, such as program module compatibility, formalization of computer interaction and choosing formal models for human-machine interface. The authors propose a specific system architecture that allows expanding the system with process plugins when collecting incompatible software modules, which are written in different languages and require diverse libraries, to make them compatible. The paper presents systemized formal and informal models of human-computer interaction. In addition, there are three training prototype implementations for selected models: model based on the game theory, a tensor network model and a graph-based model.

10. The concept of development a training aids complex for assimilation of weaponry, military and special equipment [№1 за 2018 год]
Author: A.F. Khalin
Visitors: 9705
The study of the problem of technical support for professional training of military specialists revealed a contradiction between the need to improve the efficiency of assimilating weaponry, military and special equipment and the lack of the required material and technical conditions. This contradiction is caused by existing economic constraints, as well as also the lack of an effective mechanism for optimizing design parameters of training aids. Training aids are complex technical systems, therefore the process of creating such systems depends not only on the constructive properties, but also on the formulated requirements of designation. Thus, it is impossible to solve the problem of investigating the effectiveness of an operation using the measurement method on the target stratum. As a result of analyzing the basic terminology and classifying in the field of a product quality indicators system, the “man-machine” system, training aids, its imperfection is established. It contributes to distortion of target installations during design. Common shortcomings in the process organization include an insufficient volume and quality of activities of ergonomic support and military-economic justification. All this leads to a tendency of reducing the target and economic effect. As there are no unified approaches to the development of training aids, the cost of implementing various versions of an educational information model for training specialists, who carry out their activities in the same type of human-machine systems, may be very different. Thus, the development of scientific and methodological provisions for justification of the system, which implements program-objective principles and measures to achieve the required quality of the activity of human-machine system operators, which also provides operative determination of parameter boundaries of the objects under development at the conceptual stage of research, the creation of an operational information system acquires the status of the problem, the solution of which affects the effectiveness of the development of weaponry, military and special equipment. The directions of solving the problem of organizing the process of developing training aids require the availability of methodological, organizational and technical components. The concept, which is developed in order to increase the effectiveness of the process of creating training tools, is detailed in the paper on the stratum of training aids for the development of Army missile systems.

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