Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 1 at 2018 year.

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11. Mathematical model of software user activity [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: A.A. Sytnik, T.E. Shulga, N.A. Danilov, I.V. Gvozdyuk
Visitors: 5441
The article describes software usability problems. According to ISO 9241-11:1998, usability is one of the main criteria of software quality. There are different approaches and methods to analyze the software usability. However, most of them are based on the heuristic approach that is on the previously collected recommendations and hypotheses about how a user interacts with a software interface. According to the authors, one of the main problems in the development of formal methods of usability evaluation is the lack of formalized data representation. The aim of the research is to develop a software user activity mathematical model. The research is based on the idea, which is popular in modern scientific literature, that indicator of usability problems is oft-repeated similar sequences and patterns. The paper briefly describes the approaches used in software usability evaluation. It’s shown that the task of repeated pattern searching might be represented as the task of sequential pattern mining from the data mining area. The paper introduces a number of formal definitions for user activity data. The authors suggest a software user activity mathematical model based on the sequential patterns theory for a usability evaluation subject area. This model can be used for automatic usability efficiency evaluation of user interfaces.

12. A methodical approach to comparison of information aggregation results on highly dynamic objects [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: S.L. Artyukhov, V.S. Semenov
Visitors: 5640
During information aggregation on highly dynamic objects in a collection and processing hierarchical system, calculations and of data flows asserts selection of aggregation algorithms relevant by characteristics to a state of the environment. In order to provide a selection it’s necessary to compare different algorithms not only by the characteristics, but also by the output. The article makes an analysis of the existing approach and proposes to compare aggregation results by comparison of fuzzy preference relations formed on the stage of revealing object allocation in a feature space. There is a formalization of the approach to comparing algorithms output and the requirements to the index which forms its basis. The idea of the approach is in calculation of the distance between reflections of fuzzy binary preference relations in multidimensional space, which are formed by the basic algorithm and the algorithm under comparison. The paper provides the order of implementation of this operation. The implemented design ratios are justified. The paper presents the composition and the structure of aggregation algorithms comparison software tools. It also shows the possibility of applying the index from the approach as the specification of functional quality of the variant of the aggregation algorithm when comparing it with the reference variant.

13. A model of modification of intelligent agents types in the AnyLogic system dynamics methodology [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: Mutovkina N.Yu., Semenov N.A.
Visitors: 5969
The article considers the model of changing a psycho-behavioral type of intellectual agents during information interaction. Information interaction is carried out when the agents solve some creative problem. According to the results of the study, each agent, which is involved in solving a complex creative problem, strives to influence other agents in order to attract them to its side. During the interaction of agents, the psycho-behavioral type of many of them changes. A compromise type is the best for successful operation of a multi-agent system. Agents with a compromise type are always ready to sacrifice their own interests for the sake of a common goal. Such agents are constantly in search of a better solution to the set task. They have a minimal need to engage in the fight for resources, provided that the latter are sufficient and there are possibilities for resolving conflicts. However, the existence of other types of agents also can not be disregarded. The positive influence of agents of a compromise type on agents of the forcing and deviating types leads to their change to a compromise psycho-behavioral type. The minimum number of forcing and evading agents in the system ensures the greatest effectiveness of a multi-agent system, the quickest solution of a creative problem. The model of agent interaction, leading to the change of their psycho-behavioral type, is developed based on the AnyLogic system dynamics methodology. The original experiments allowed determining the magnitude of the influence of administrative actions on the behavior of agents of each type. System dynamics here was a quantitative tool that allows analyzing the cause-effect relationships within a multi-agent system.

14. The open cube concept for analysing social media big data [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: Ivaschenko A.V., N.M. Shlychkova, V.A. Isayko, P.V. Sitniko
Visitors: 5687
Modern social media can be treated as an important source of Big Data describing users’ behavior during informational exchange. Understanding the basic trends at this level can help to determine the main behavior features, identify informational influence and analyze deviations of users’ interest to various informational objects and events, etc. On a practical level, this kind of analytics allows implementing an effective context-based advertising, increasing the efficiency of social networks functionality and solving various problems of information security. Analysis of Big Data that characterize social media users’ interaction appear to become a complex technical problem. The reasons are: it is required to integrate with several social networks for data import, to associate independent profiles of the same users at different networks, to correlate the facts of their interaction with real events and determine basic trends and deviations. To solve the problem the authors propose to implement a technology of “open cube” based on an orthogonal indicators system describing the data change dynamics in time depending on different factors. It is proposed to analyze distribution of incoming user interaction events, dynamics of their interest evolution in time, reaction to incoming events, etc. using cross-correlation analysis of time series using interval-based functions. The paper describes the basic problems of Big Data analysis in social media, the proposed abstract model of the open cube and the data analysis algorithm that allows identification of users’ activity at social media. The described model and its implementation were tested using a typical data set derived from a number of social networks. In addition to a real regular data set of social media users’ negotiation there was also introduced a series of messages generated by a bot, which was successfully identified using the proposed approach.

15. Multi-agent approximation of social media users’ behavior [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: Ivaschenko A.V., A.A. Khorina, A.R. Diyazitdinova
Visitors: 5904
Nowadays social media are becoming one of the major Big Data providers for analyzing users’ behavior. At the same time each Internet user activity appears to be an interesting and complex object for formalization and study. One person can be presented in several social networks using various avatars, have several parallel interests, have own specific strategy to publish and process data in the form of posts, messages and comments and interact with the others by means of data exchange. Considering the specifics of social media users activity, who are relatively independent and self-organized, this paper proposes a model of such a behavior implementing the multi-agent approach. The paper describes the problem, solution architecture and technical details of its implementation supported by the results of simulation and real data analysis for a number of popular social networks. It is the first time when it is proposed to use the definition of “behavior multi-agent approximation”. The term introduces an approximate description of real use cases of the integrated information space users via multi-agent simulation. Within the framework of the solution is it proposed to represent the interest of social media users as a combination of a context and focus. Such approach allows formalizing deviations of user interest under the pressure of incoming events considering a combination of time and human factors. The proposed approach gives a possibility to describe and implement the patterns of typical Internet social media users behavior for simulation and analysis in order to detect trends and deviations.

16. A multy-agent simulation of infecting objects dissemination and interaction [№1 за 2018 год]
Author: K.E. Klimentev
Visitors: 9553
The article discusses the main approaches to multi-agent simulation of infection processes typical of technical networks and wildlife. The examples of such processes are: the epidemics of pathogenic organisms among living creatures; dissemination of computer viruses and worms; expansion of forest fires; message transfer in technical and social networks, etc. The paper briefly describes traditional approaches to solving this problem and related problems. The article describes a general model of "universe". It also introduces the basic sets of objects and their attributes, considers relations between them typical of simulated processes and phenomena. It analyzes space graph models, such as: a full graph, a scale-free graph, a geometric graph and various grids. The paper describes basic states of agents. It also considers different models of state transitions, including SI, SIS, SIR, SEIR, SIDR, etc. It discusses various methods for target scanning, such as: sequential scan, random scan, list scan, counterattack and so on. It describes the method for setting the temporal characteristics of individual agents. One of the important features that distinguishes this development from its analogues is the possibility of modeling epidemics in changing universes. For example, it is possible to change the topology of graphs, object numerical attributes and agent behavior algorithms during the run. The use of such models would allow obtaining results that are more adequate. The paper also examines the architecture of a modeling system that supports of aspects discussed above. There is an example of a particular software implementation.

17. Evaluation of a degree of impact of access control means on information system efficiency [№1 за 2018 год]
Author: Drobotun E.B.
Visitors: 5448
There are requirements to effective performance of protective functions by protection systems against information and technical impacts and computer attacks. In addition, such systems are required to have minimal influence on protected system functioning and, in particular, on its performance. Ideally, a security system (or means) should not have any effect on the performance of a protected information system. At the same time, it should be noted that it is practically impossible to create a protection system (including the system of access control and delimitation) that would not have any negative effect on a protected object. Therefore, one of the criteria for choosing a system (or means) for access control to protect any information and computing system should be the criterion of the minimum effect of the chosen access control system on the performance of a protected information system. The article proposes the evaluation technique of information system performance degradation at introduction of access control means to it, which are one of the most important components of an information security system for information systems. The paper also describes software that helps implementing the offered technique.

18. Source code model construction for software defect detection with type systems [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: L.V. Tsvetkov, A.I. Spivak
Visitors: 3198
Quality assurance is an integral part of software development. Software defects are among the few components that can be mitigated using static code analysis. One of the forms of static analysis is static type checking. Most programming languages use type systems to reduce the number of software defects. Unfortunately, type systems of most programming languages are incapable of representing basic safety guaranties against exceptions. To allow extension of existing systems of imperative languages, it is necessary to create a source code model that considers a number of factors, such as an alterable state, pointer aliasing and others. The paper describes a source code model that represents security invariants and allows effective use of extended type systems to locate vulnerable code locations. The proposed solutions of aliasing and alterable state problems are based on using a static single assignment form with applying several rerecording rules. This rules maintain functional equivalence of programs enabling use of principles that are already used for analyzing functional-style programs. The paper considers the notion of linear resource, related problems and possible solutions within the proposed approach. Principles of dependent types indexing are shown by example of a continuous data array. The proposed model extends type system of a given programming language. Construction of such model with extended type system does not require additional code annotations, minimizing labour costs needed to preform analysis on the exist-ing code base.

19. Transport infrastructure model creation based on spatial and spectral aerospace information [№1 за 2018 год]
Authors: A.A. Fedoseev, T.I. Mikheeva, S.V. Mikheev
Visitors: 7106
The article considers the problem of synthesis of a thematic layer of transport infrastructure objects (TI) based on Earth remote sensing data received by space and air means. The paper describes the structure of information space of TI objects remote sensing using a stratification methodology. It also describes the main strata of the Earth remote sensing information space. These strata combine the aggregates of same type information objects and are subject for further stratification to obtain the required detailed level. The authors propose the scheme of information support for managing TI objects characteristics and condition based on the Earth remote sensing data. The levels of the scheme include strata of information and methodical infrastructures. At the same time, the functional infrastructure strata contains geoinformation model data that provides data updating stored in the database and data visualization on an electronic map. There is a model of structure-parametrical synthesis of electronic map thematic layer in the geoinformation system environment for TI objects on aerospace images. In the context of this problem, there are the developed models of TI objects extraction on high resolution space images with restricted spectral features and using hyperspectral information. These models are basic for solving the problems of defining transport network geometric characteristics and configuration changes search, as well as assessment of transport network load with TI dynamic objects (motor transport). The paper describes characteristics of objects used in the synthesis of the thematic layer of transport infrastructure objects. Since he work uses only direct deciphering features, attention is focused on brightness (spectral) and geometric features of objects of the class “Transport_network”, “Transport_vehicle”, “Road”, “Driveway”, “Roadside”, “Sidewalk”, “Bicycle path”, “Dividing_band”, “Markup”, “Natural_object”.

20. An enterprise as a purposeful system [№1 за 2018 год]
Author: Yu.M. Lisetskiy
Visitors: 6797
The article considers an enterprise as a purposeful system. It gives general information on an organization and a scientific apparatus describing its building and functioning. The paper describes a hierarchical structure of the enterprise as an organization with the main purpose in an economic sphere, as well as its functional model. The author analyzes characteristic features of the enterprise in the context of general principles of system building and functioning. There are some approaches and methods to studying an enterprise as a complex production system based on the system approach. The system approach enables complex estimation of any production and economic activity as well as the management system according to specific characteristics. This approach also enables analysis of a specific situation within a separate system, identification of input, process and output issues. The system approach enables best possible organization of a decision making process at all enterprise management system levels.

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