Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 4 at 2023 year.

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11. Information security of a supercomputer center [№4 за 2023 год]
Authors: Baranov, A.V., Korepanov, P.M., Kuznetsov, E.E.
Visitors: 1024
Most scientific supercomputer centers (SC) process open access information. Typically, they use standard information security technologies built into operating systems, data storage, and network devices. In recent years we can see an increase in both the number of information security threats and computer attacks and incidents against SCs, which causes reputational and financial risks for SCs. The paper discusses information processing features in SC, which significantly limit known information security measures and tools. Such features include SC user’s freedom to choose tools and application software packages to solve their research problems; a need to ensure maximum computing performance of super-computer resources provided to users; a limited use of secure operating systems and software update tools. The paper justifies the relevance of developing a complex system approach to SC information security. An adequate level of SC information security must be ensured without significant restrictions of user abilities and reducing the quality of high-performance computing services provided to users. The paper discusses current threats to SC information security, provides a classification of data processed in SC, and defines a list of current information security measures. The proposed optional SC information security system structure takes into account the reviewed features of SC information security. The proposed approach is based on dividing SC computing infrastructure into security zones and on using network perimeter control tools, as well as access and information security event analysis.

12. Network enterprises: Production and business process models based on multi-agent systems [№4 за 2023 год]
Authors: Telnov, Yu.F., Kazakov, V.A., Danilov, A.V. , Bryzgalov, A.A.
Visitors: 849
The paper presents conceptual and behavioral models of production and business processes of network enterprises. The models are based on multi-agent technologies that implement holarchic and heterarchic principles of building cyberphysical production systems, which ensure constructing and functioning of flexible and adaptive production manage-ment systems. A research method is an improved method of decomposing multi-agent systems into autonomous compo-nents according to a role assignment of product agents, resource agents and platform agents in production and business processes. The proposed method of developing a unified conceptual model allows integrating production and business processes in production management systems of a network enterprise at different levels. To ensure reliability of production management systems in network enterprises, it is proposed to use the method of forming service level agreements. The main result of the study is a constructed conceptual model of a multi-agent production management system architecture for a network enterprise. The model reflects the interaction of software agents – administrative asset shells in accordance with their roles. Behavioral models of network enterprise processes are also proposed for organizing a business ecosystem, configuring and controlling production chain execution using UML language tools. The model of organization and control of production chain execution uses service level agreements. A specific feature of the constructed production and business process models is their integration reinforcement at various levels of production management, as well as introducing a quality management mechanism through creating and using service level agreements, which improves the quality and reliability of flexible configuration and execution of network enterprise production chains.

13. Russian import-substitution structure based on an optimal distribution system model [№4 за 2023 год]
Authors: Abu-Abed, F.N., Zhironkin, S.A.
Visitors: 1114
The study focuses on a model of an optimal distribution system of economy investments that requires import substitution due to external shocks and sanctions. It is necessary to build a mathematical model that links a sectoral structure of investment and output in terms of technological limitations. This paper explores possibilities of using economic structure and dynamics models for import substitution purposes; using a production function for this purposes, dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models and Bayesian vector autoregressions. This paper presents author's method based on constructing a decision tree for enumerating bypass cycles – route options with a cut. The proposed method can be modified to reduce its running time. The recommended technology for constructing an import substitution structure model is initially reduced to constructing its objective function and presenting it in a graph form. Subsequently, based on a data structure for building routes, the authors present an algorithm that is a basis for implementing optimal distribution of investments in an industry structure and for monitoring their compliance with the designated import substitution requirements. This algorithm is a basis for a software tool architecture and structure with corresponding classes, which provides output as an investment-industry correspondence. The results obtained are necessary for developing a software tool that can solve the important industry problem of modeling an import substitution structure based on investment distribution by industries and products, as well as predict the impact of new external shocks and technological restrictions on this process, changes in labor productivity and a production capacity utilization level.

14. Finding an optimal letter set for stylistic classification of literary texts by a statistical index method [№4 за 2023 год]
Author: Gorbich, L.G.
Visitors: 875
The paper concerns the problem of improving style classification methods of Russian-language texts. A method for optimizing a letter set for calculating statistical indices of texts is proposed as a possible research direction. The work used both poetic and prose literary Russian texts for optimization and monitoring the results. The volume of texts was about 300 thousand characters for optimization and about 100 thousand characters for control evaluation. Calculating statistical indices was based on calculating frequencies of letter bigrams and trigrams. Optimization also involved testing joint use of bigram and trigram indices. The paper provides a brief description of a method of statistical indices, a step-by-step optimization algorithm used in the study, a possible optimization function formula, and a formula for finding a classification boundary. It is shown that a letter set optimization improves classification in comparison with both using a full letter set and using a vowel set, when applied to automatically distinguishing poetic and prose literary texts in Russian. Classification results are compared by the proposed classification boundary formula with ROC-curve method calculation results. Therefore, for different combinations of statistical indices and methods for determining a classification boundary, a correct classification range was: 72–74 % for an all letter set; 82–86 % for an only vowel set; 80.5–92.5 % for different sets of letters obtained during optimization.

15. Software module for stressFoam solver in OpenFOAM platform [№4 за 2023 год]
Author: Chitalov, D.I.
Visitors: 807
The paper summarizes the results of the work on expanding a graphical shell option list for OpenFOAM platform in terms of using stressFoam solver. The purpose of the solver is studying solids property changes under stress influence. There is a formulated main disadvantage of OpenFOAM environment, which necessitates the study. The author reveals relevance of the problem under study, studies available software solutions and their shortcomings. The goals of the work and necessary steps to achieve them are determined. The purpose of the stressFoam program and the main scope of its application is given. The paper describes a set of technologies required for implementing a graphical, software part of the project and a data storage subsystem. It also gives a rationale for using each technology and determines a product architecture and a development environment. There are structure and logic diagrams of module operation, highlighted main program components of the module and an algorithm for applying in continuum mechanics problems. The module main window is shown at the stage of completing numerical simulation of one of MCC fundamental problems; using stressFoam solver is studied. Work results are expressed in preparing a software solution that replaces a usual command line approach with a more efficient one, which implies performing all steps through a graphical user interface. The paper determines work scientific novelty components and the expected practical product value for a user. The product source code is placed in a GitHub service repository for providing access to specialists using OpenFOAM in experiments and research.

16. Designing a filter from metallized-hole hairpin resonators using a software system [№4 за 2023 год]
Authors: Labyntsev, A.A., Ignatyev, V.V., Vasilyev, V.V., Mikhaylovsky, Vit. A., Kharlanov, D.V.
Visitors: 749
The paper describes a software system that is an application software for designing microstrip bandpass filters. The developed system is based on Ansoft HFSS software designed for three-dimensional electromagnetic modeling of microwave structures. The system consists of two main interrelated components, namely: a program for solving a filter analysis problem and a program for solving a multi-pole synthesis problem when a multi-pole replaces a filter during its design. The paper describes the software system structure and the relationship of its individual components; presents an algorithm of using the system. The software system use is illustrated by the example of designing a filter that consists of three counter-directional hairpin resonators with metallized holes in the middle of a hairpin bend. A short-circuited hole in the middle of a resonator expands a filter barrier upper band almost twice due to a transition from a simple half-wave resonator to a combination of two quarter-wave resonators. A filter with holes is designed using a software system based on a transition from a filter to a multi-pole consisting of resonators connected to each other. The result is a designed filter that has the required electrical characteristics. The software system described in the paper for designing this filter has confirmed its viability and effectiveness. The practical significance of the work is in the more than twofold expansion of a filter barrier upper band with metallized holes compared with a similar filter made of simple hairpin resonators without holes.

17. Constructing a parametric 3D model of an extruder screw working area [№4 за 2023 год]
Authors: Popov, Yu.G., Malov, G.S.
Visitors: 722
Extrusion is a widespread way of processing materials in various industries. At the same time, screw design largely determines extrudate quality and its production process efficiency. This paper discusses the main existing and promising approaches to determining optimal geometric parameters of screws. The authors propose a concept of a computer-aided design system based on using pre-built parameterized screw models; screw geometry is determined by variables that can vary over a wide range. This approach allows using applications for analytical determination of the most important screw geometry, fast 3D model generation and finite element verification while optimizing parameters. The paper considers constructing a parametrized working area of a screw in Compass-3D. The working area includes the main comb of variable pitch, a barrier comb, as well as the main and barrier cutting zone. The authors assess the main methods for constructing complex geometric surfaces in Compass-3D in terms of modeling performance. The proposed method can significantly increase extruder screw design speed and accuracy, improve the extrusion production process quality and efficiency.

18. Software calculating complex harmonic oscillation with phase fluctuation for wireless communication systems [№4 за 2023 год]
Authors: Tsvetkov, F.A., Vasilyev, V.V., Mikhaylovsky, Vit. A., Mikhaylovsky, Val.A., Lomakina., A.V.
Visitors: 675
The paper describes a program for generating a sequence of complex harmonic oscillation time samples with phase fluctuation in the form of flicker noise with a given spectral density. One of the reasons of failures in data transmission channels are synchronization errors in a receiver caused by frequency instability (initial phase) of reference generators in both a transmitter and a receiver since signals transmitted in wireless communication systems are quite sensitive to random distortions of the phase structure of a signal received by a receiver. This leads to errors in received data and, therefore, to a decrease in a data transfer rate. Thus, it is important to solve the problem of assessing stability of modern digital data transmission channels to interference and noise, which is found out at the first stage of channel design using modeling. In a modeling program, the initial characteristic of a generated oscillation is a desired spectral density of fluctuations in its initial phase. Iе becomes a basis for calculating an amplitude-frequency response of a forming digital filter. Filter input is an uncorrelated normal pseudorandom sequence; filter output is a sequence of time samples of a fluctuating initial phase of a complex harmonic oscillation with some average frequency (in particular, equal to zero). A real and imaginary components of generator output oscillation are calculated for each of these samples. Their totality is a desired complex harmonic oscillation with phase fluctuation. The program is written in NI LabVIEW graphical programming language, which shows all work stages. To assess the quality of the developed program, the authors performed a test simulation of the oscillation of a highly stable E5052B Signal Source Analyzer generator. The subsequent numerical analysis of the obtained oscillation parameters and their comparison with the known generator parameters confirmed the correctness of the program. The proposed method for modeling a phase noise effect on signals in a communication channel can be useful for specialists in the field of research and design of various wireless communication systems, as well as in studying radio signal transmission basics within an educational process in higher educational institutions.

19. On an interuniversity quantum network project [№4 за 2023 год]
Authors: Ovsyannikov, A.P., Shabanov, B.M.
Visitors: 757
The paper discusses the issues of creating an interuniversity quantum network, a so-called national infrastructure testbed for quantum key distribution (QKD). It is designed for testing solutions for building networks with quantum key distribution, equipment checking and benchmarking in practice, education and personnel training. Currently all advanced countries are showing interest in creating QKD networks. Russia developed its own QKD equipment and is building a backbone QKD quantum network. A Concept for creating, developing and operating an Interuniversity Quantum Network (IUQN) based on a National Research Computer Network (NICS) was developed in order to accelerate practical implementation of quantum communications and to solve a variety of related research, technical, regulatory and personnel issues. A pilot project of the IUQN was developed as a part of implementing the concept. IUQN connects universities and scientific organizations that have their own quantum communication infrastructure, have competencies in quantum technologies, conduct research and development and train specialists in this field. The paper describes IUQN topology, gives QKD and data exchange schemes. When considering various QKD schemes, minimal requirements for trusted intermediate nodes protection are preferred. The paper proposes to consider using MDI-QKD protocol through untrusted nodes. The authors briefly describe Russian QKD equipment planned to use in IUQN. The use of equipment from all three Russian manufacturers in IUQN will allow demonstrating the possibilities of scaling quantum networks on each equipment type, explore the possibilities of different manufacturers’ equipment collaboration and adapt it to joint use. It is planned to implement the pilot project of creating IUQN in 2023-2024.

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