Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 4 at 2016 year.

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11. Method of information exchange between software systems of automation of technological and production processes [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: S.Yu. Ryabov, A.G. Lyutov, Yu.V. Ryabov, A.V. Vavilova
Visitors: 9883
The article suggests a method of information exchange between software systems to improve technological and production processes efficiency, productivity and quality. The method is based on general information flows control interface based on XML language. Nowadays lots of applications use their own data formats. It makes communication with others applications impossible. The paper analyzes information exchange between CAPP-PDM-MES program systems process. In addition, there is a general XML document based on unifying XSD schemes combination. XSD schemes contain information about XML document data type, so that XSD schemes are a knowledge base containing metadata. The authors suggest to creatу ф consolidate information area including XSD data knowledge and general interface based on XML language for all software used in production process. Obtained XML documents can be processed by Java ore Python applications to create general XML-document based on unifying XSD schemes combination. Information transfer using general XML-documents and XSD-schemes is considered by the example of creating technological document “process list” in SPRUT-TP. The presented XML-scheme segment represents a process list structural arrangement. Based on XSD using JAXB application there are XML-documents produced including explicit information. Thus, a set of XSD files combine a object domain knowledge base. The authors suggest to implement communication between programs by Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) using XML-documents called SOAP message. The paper contains an example of creating a “request” and “response” types of SOAP-message. SOAP specification contains agreements about transformation one-way message exchange and determines complete XML document transfer. The results include XML-files containing an XML-document form data and XSD-form knowledge that are understandable by a human and a computer and, therefore, accessible.

12. The method of obtaining a scan of clothing details considering deformational aptitude of a material [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Gorelova A.E., Kornilova N.L., Z.R. Grigoreva, Vasilev D.A., L.A. Kornilova
Visitors: 9442
The research presents an algorithm for obtaining patterns of garment (3DK) using a phased conversion of triangulation part network of three-dimensional product construction using methods of geometric surface transformation and physical modeling of material behavior. On the first stage a 3D cover transforms into a flat view by projecting network cell edges on a deployment plane. Next, we use physical modeling, which consists in giving to each node of triangulation network the properties of a material point with a mass equal to 1, and giving to each edge an elastic connection, which seeks to result its length into an original length. The process involves two time steps: a spurt to unbalance the system of material points and transition of a detail to a sustainable equilibrium state (iteration). Then the process continues until reaching the minimum of total force on a detail. It means the maximum possible approximation of geometrical characteristics 3DK and a pattern. Quality evaluation of the algorithm is implemented by constructing scans of orbicular hemisphere segments. The paper shows that the patterns obtained in the first stage of conversion are practically unsuitable for cutting details of fabric, because it has an insufficient area. As a result of physical modeling, the details area reduces to its original value, herewith the patterns perimeter is always at least 3DK. In addition, there can be seen discrepancy between the main overall dimensions of details, which indicates that there is a need to use forced molding or deformation of materials properties to obtain the garment shape. The magnitude of the deformation determines the correct choice of materials for a model. The method is implemented in CAD of tight-fitting products BustCAD (Ivanovo, Russia) and showed good practical results.

13. Table structure recognition method for spreadsheets data [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: N.M. Tkeshelashvili, Klimenkov S.V., A.M. Dergachev
Visitors: 5108
Spreadsheets are one of the most popular means to collect and represent big amount of business data. Unfortunately, the structure of spreadsheets in most cases is not defined. As a result, processing tools can not retrieve data automatically, without human interaction. When spreadsheets are being created, people make visual formatting to properly present headers, data and aggregation cells. The proposed method recognizes a spreadsheet structure based on visual elements distinction in a cell formatting as well as people do. The developed software based on this method takes the spreadsheet as an input and produces an output based on a simple object notation form. The method contains several steps. Firstly, a working area is defined as a square area of non-empty cells. After that, the whole working area is converted in the set of bitmaps, where thу value of 1 represents whenever cell has particular formatting. The second step contains discovering data sequence in business data – from the top to the down or from the left to the right. We apply Hough method on a subset of defined bitmaps at this step. Next, we find data and header patterns using simple statistics methods. We define most frequently used patterns as data cells. Special processing is made for subtitles and inserted titles. Such subtitles create additional property to resulting objects. The method has been tested on a large set of spreadsheets containing various business data, for example pricelists.

14. Methods of assessing the quality of university students’ education using a neuro-fuzzy approach [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: A.R. Aydinyan, O.L. Tsvetkova
Visitors: 8426
Nowadays according to the Bologna process the system of education quality assessment are introduced for successful functioning of higher education institutions and enhancing their competitive in the international market. The accuracy of determining the university efficiency to a large extent depends on the correct choice of criteria to assess the factors that determine education quality. Education quality assessment is hampered by the fact that the value of this indicator depends on many factors, as well as the fact that during the pedagogical dimensions it is inevitable to work with non-numeric information. In order to achieve the objectives the authors have reviewed factors that have the greatest impact on student learning. Traditionally among these factors there are the following: the quality of interaction with a labor market during the formation of educational content, the quality of applicants and students, the quality of teaching technologies, teaching and logistical support of an educational process, the quality of teaching staff. The proposed methods of assessing the quality of students education is based on a two-level system. It is built on the basis of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) which is implemented in the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox package of MatLab and artificial neural networks. To evaluate each of the four groups of factors that influence the quality of a students’ learning process, there are four modules implemented using artificial neural networks. The number of inputs of each artificial neural network is caused by a number of factors included in an appropriate group. Factor group values go to the input of ANFIS, which is the second level of a quality assessment system for university students’ education. The output variable of ANFIS is a numerical evaluation of students’ learning quality. Two-level calculation simplifies data collection for artificial neural networks training and the expert assessments formation for training and formation of inputs of artificial neural networks and ANFIS. The proposed system of students education quality assessment provides a numerical estimate, which is an aggregate measure of an educational institution performance, showing learning process efficiency.

15. Methodological aspects of information system life cycle management based on functional standardization tools [№4 за 2016 год]
Author: O.V. Lukinova
Visitors: 8596
The paper presents a methodology for managing the life cycle of information systems. It synthesizes tools and models of functional standardization, open system theories, management consulting, and basic standards in management of information system life cycle. The paper also describes the basics and a conceptual model showing the relationship between problems to be solved using the methodology framework. The problems are the following: construction of a business process model using management consulting; information system model development in accordance with the OSE/RM model (Open System Environment / Reference Model) and its standardization using a functional profile; choosing a life cycle type, development of its respective model and profiling. The paper investigates different types of a life cycle, focusing on a purchase system life cycle including a set of integrated public services in addition to a local component (deployed at a customer site). The structural representation of the information system target components together with its security system is shown in terms of the OSE/RM model. The article also describes a conceptual model of a protection mechanism (which is a base element of a protection system functional structure).

16. Models of heterogeneous agents’ behavior in a conflict and their implementation algorithms [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Mutovkina N.Yu., Klyushin A.Yu., Semenov N.A.
Visitors: 5195
The article discusses pair models of agents’ behavior in a conflict. Each agent has one of three possible behavioral types: deviating, compromise and coercing. A behavioral type determines an agent’s nature and specifies agent’s reaction that should be expected in response to specific actions. The authors select the need to share limited resources as the main cause of a conflict in simulation. The agents need resources to implement assigned tasks and to exist themselves. It is determined that in a conflict situation each agent tries to obtain more resources, than its opponent at the moment. The value of this commitment depends on an agent’s behavioral type. The article identifies the technique of selecting the best behavioral model. It also proposes the measures to resolve conflict between agents. The authors applied the basic concepts of fuzzy logic in simulation.

17. Modeling of placing service-oriented applications in a software-defined infrastructure of the virtual data center [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Bolodurina I.P., D.I. Parfenov, Reshetnikov V.N.
Visitors: 9510
The information technology development in recent years leads to using distributed service-oriented business applications. Thus, research on mechanisms of managing hosted applications in a cloud environment is currently important, as well as efficient allocation of appropriate resources for their work within the existing constraints. The aim of the study is to simulate the structure and interaction mechanisms of typical cloud service-oriented applications, as well as definition of approaches to optimization of their placement in a storage system. The authors developed a generalized model of a service-oriented cloud application that includes three basic layers: an application model, a service model, and a resource model. As a resource in the model they consider some kind of object that describes the behavior and characteristics of individual elements of an infrastructure depending on the current status and settings of the virtual data center of a software-defined infrastructure. A distinctive feature of the model is that it is a universal resource that allows us to consider it from user’s point of view (for whom it is a closed system) and from the point of view of the software-defined infrastructure of a virtual data center (for which it is an open system). The novelty of the model is simultaneous describing data placement, associated applications, as well as the state of the virtual environment, taking into account the network topology. To work out the resource model in the virtual data center of software-defined infrastructure in detail the authors developed a model of a software-defined storage as a separate element. It allows defining data parameters and applications’ connections with virtual and physical nodes of a data storage.

18. The directions of implementation of automated system means for electronic systems development [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Potapov A.N., V.A. Dikarev, Dopira R.V., Abu-Abed, F.N., Martynov D.V.
Visitors: 7116
The article considers the issues implementing software tools of an automated system of electronic systems development. The authors propose an architecture of the automated system’s structural configuration. To determine the existence of conflicts when applying radio-electronic complexes (REC) and simulators it is proposed to add radio-monitoring means and means of assessing simulator adequacy to the automated system of electronic systems development. Radio-monitoring means can identify the signs of a conflict when applying electronic systems. The paper shows the developed structures of automated means for defining the substantial components of training exercises and curricula. The authors offer a professionally-oriented program complex of the automated system of electronic systems development. Experimental studies of the adequacy of simulation results in specialized simulators “Marka – RS” and integrated simulators “Repeater” in the air traffic control (ATC) in the near zone from an aerodrome in order to correct determine the level of skills and rational planning of operators’ training identified a new level of automated systems of electronic system operators’ training in the air traffic control. The developed tools in the form of models, block diagrams, mathematical, algorithmic support and software for subsystems in the automated system of electronic systems development have not only a scientific novelty, but also practical significance and feasibility.

19. 3D objects rendering using clustered shading [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Giatsintov A.M., Mamrosenko K.A.
Visitors: 8217
The article describes methods of lighting and shading of 3D objects that significantly enhance the realism of three-dimensional virtual scenes, their advantages and disadvantages. It also presents approaches for organization of light sources data in graphics card memory. Usually a large number of light sources are required in order to shade the 3D scene correctly. With forward rendering lighting is computed in the following way: influence of each light source on the resulting image is computed for each vertex in 3D scene and each pixel of the framebuffer. Therefore, visualization subsystem performance may be significantly reduced when there are a lot of light sources in a scene. In order to solve this problem we can use the methods of deferred rendering. The main idea of deferred rendering is to separate the geometry processing phase from lighting phase. An image is rendered in several phases. Scene geometry is rendered only once and information about color, normal and depth of each pixel is stored in temporary G-Buffer that is used in the following phases of rendering. But deferred rendering also has a number of significant downsides. This article provides information about some methods that resolve most of drawbacks of deferred rendering while retaining its advantages. They include tiled visualization and clustered visualization. The paper provides performance measurements of visualization subsystem with various rendering methods.

20. Assessment of influence of anti-virus software on quality of information-computing system functioning [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Drobotun E.B., D.V. Kozlov
Visitors: 6106
One of the most important indicators of the antivirus software effectiveness, along with the quality of information systems protection against computer viruses and malware, is resource intensity of these means. Ideally, antivirus software should not have any impact on the quality of tasks and functions assigned to a protected computing system. However, it should be noted that to build any kind of system (including anti-virus software as a protection system against computer viruses and malware) that would not have any adverse effect on a protected object is virtually impossible. Based on this fact, one of the criteria of choosing antivirus software to protect any information system should be a minimum degree of influence of selected antivirus software tools on the quality of the tasks and functions assigned to the protected system. As an index of the degree of antivirus software influence on a computing system, the article proposes to use a generalized indicator of protected computing system performance degradation. This indicator is determined based on partial indicators of performance degradation when dealing with individual tasks assigned to the protected system, taking into account the importance of each task. The article also presents the results of evaluation of the degree of seven common antivirus software influence on a general purpose computing system.

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