Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 4 at 2015 year.

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21. The software design package for technological pipelines heating by heat tracers in computer-aided design systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Kokhov T.A., Korelshteyn L.B., Gartman T.N.
Visitors: 9238
Industrial plants use the following types of technological pipelines heating: trace heating; steam tracing; electric trace heating. Depending on performance specification or environmental conditions one of these types of heating can dominate in the project. About 10–15 % of design works (in wiring design) are technological pipelines heating design. In certain cases almost 40 % of pipelines in the design project should be heated by heat tracers. Sometimes this index can reach 50 %. Thus, about 80 % of heating engineering labor costs is elaboration of heat tracers’ traces in a 3D model. To speed-up engineering of technological pipelines heating by heat tracers the authors developed a software design package for technological pipelines heating implemented in 3D-design AVEVA PDMS. A distinguishing feature of the developed software design package for technological pipelines heating in comparison with other systems is that it is integrated into AVEVA PDMS. It allows executing modeling of technological pipelines heat tracers in 3D models and releasing necessary target documents: isometric drawings of pipelines. Software package functionality is verified when developing technological pipelines water heating by heat tracers of sulfur recovery.

22. The onboard multifunctional information complex of the International space station (Russian section) [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Kravchenko S.I., Andreev D.A., Brunko D.V., Gorbachev E.B.
Visitors: 9279
The paper describes the new onboard set to provide the Russian ISS Segment crew with electronic documentation. It is noted that to support manned space ships and stations information systems with onboard electronic documentation, the documents should be carried out in the formats compatible with onboard interface. The paper highlights the most important stage of the process of preparation. It is the onboard data conversion. The main tasks of onboard complex are reception and unpacking service packs, server conversion of documents in compatible format, compositions assembly by land marking files, mailing authorized updates to the crew’s Tablet PCs, information reproduction on the plates and providing individual support of an astronaut according to his role, staff logging. The paper gives the scheme and the composition of the board complex special software utilities. It also describes in detail the algorithm of the circuit elements and the methodology of resources update, which mean converting received page description in a graphic form, files positioning in the onboard file server, documents updating when there are appropriate markup files, documents collection in the form in they were formed on the Earth. Particular attention is paid to the process of updating the personal documents database on the user’s tablet that can be run automatically or by agreement with the operator, who initiates the update after receiving the notice and clicks the refresh button on personal interface panel. It is emphasized that all other service operations with delivered updates are performed automatically without crew.

23. The ground-based subsystem to prepare onboard electronic documentation [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Kravchenko S.I., Andreev D.A., Dolgov A.A., Kolesnikov A.V.
Visitors: 8685
The paper describes information processing when preparing electronic onboard documents for multifunction information system to support a crew of a transport spacecraft and space stations. It is necessary to generate electronic documents from a delivered compatible file at the stage of the onboard content update. The conceptual feature of the ground subsystem is a separation of electronic document elements into two categories, which are: a conservative visual basis and an interactive layer that includes virtual controls for the sections of the document and internal applications. The paper considers the benefits of separate processing of document layers that consist in instruction ground marking and delivering on board only a cue file, which allows reconstructing an instruction developed on the Earth automatically. This makes the ground and onboard versions identical and significantly reduces the load on the datatransmission channel. The article also shows the ground-based complex structure, the sequence of the operations; a detailed description of the interaction between the utilities and major sections of the common methodology, such as: archiving developments in a classical library database, generating a visual base, editing a control layer, forming new documents from a classic library page array. The particular attention is paid to special tools that are: a link editor and the update package shaper. Based on experiment results, there is a conclusion about the readiness of the developed ground-based complex to ensure forming of update packages for the multifunctional information support system for a crew of space ships and stations.

24. Active information support of crew actions [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Kravchenko S.I., Dushenko A.G., Andreev D.A., Kotov A.G.
Visitors: 8658
The article notes that the tasks of space ships and stations crews information support are continuously expanding due to onboard plans complexity, increasing scientific activities in an onboard schedule; increasing requirements to dispatch and clarity of the onboard documentation, importance of multimedia, additional background information and sound. The paper shows the results of experimental operation of a multifunctional information system prototype in the ISS. The experimental operation identified high-priority interactive objects and functions, which are necessary to ensure the effective work of the crew. They are: the possibility of sensor affection on the environmental model; changing the type, positions and internal parameters of the virtual objects; data input into interactive parts of the documents; marking the prescribed actions implementation; the prescribed time intervals execution; work with authorized bookmarks; questionnaire for an operator based on completed work session results; logging astronaut’s behavior in the information environment and transferring protocols to the Earth. The authors formulate the problems of onboard information systems and their ground facilities. They also pay attention to increasing the capabilities of the interaction between an operator and information environment. The paper offers key solutions, explains new means of documents preparation. There are some examples of implementing active elements into environment. The paper considers the operator’s situational behavior, work with virtual controls, logging the results and crew evaluation. It also describes the special editor of an e-document control layer. The authors offer solutions to overcome the uncertainty of choice of an operation system and personal tablets hardware platform.

25. MPI support in Linux OS for RapidIO-based multiprocessor computer systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Author: Kuleshov A.S.
Visitors: 8261
Solving calculus problems using multiprocessor computing systems refers to a certain data transfer programming interface. The most well-known interface is the message passing interface (MPI), which defines the standard of API functions to transfer data between nodes for end-user programs. This paper presents MPI implementation for SoC 1890VM6IA developed in SRISA RAS. It is a base for multipurpose multiprocessor computing systems, nodes of which can be connected through high speed RapidIO channels. To implement it we took MPICH, which is the most widespread library of MPI, and Linux kernel that proved itself as the best solution for supercomputing. MPICH basic configuration includes different network modules, which implement API for specific transport drivers: tcp (Ethernet TCP/IP), ib (Infiniband), mx (Myrinet eXpress) and others. Using network module mx, which is well-fitting for RapidIO architecture, gave the opportunity to focus only on the development of the Linux driver for RapidIO controller. The features of RapidIO controller of 1890VM6IA, MPI interface and the idea of using RapidIO channel for purposes other than MPI in Linux, allowed implementing a message passing stack with the some degree of universality using RapidIO channel without unnecessary data copying. In the end of the paper there are the results of different MPI test programs such as NAS Parallel Benchmarks and OSU Micro-Benchmarks for 4 nodes using the RapidIO channels. The author made a conclusion and summarized the results using RapidIO controller of 1890VM6IA SoC as a transport facility for MPI.

26. The concept of mathematical and computer simulation of thermal processes in electronic systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Author: Madera A.G.
Visitors: 10818
The article presents the concepts of electronic systems thermal design, as well as the requirements to mathematical and computer simulation of thermal processes in electronic systems. The author formulates the requirements to the mathematical models, which provide adequate simulation of thermal processes when thermal designing of electronic systems. According to these requirements, the mathematical models must be dynamic, nonlinear, stochastic in intervals, consider the effect of thermal feedback (interaction between thermal and electrical modes in the electronic system) as well as statistical technology spread of electric and thermal defining parameters of elements in the electronic system. The obtained equations of the mathematical model for thermal processes in electronic systems meet the stated requirements. They are a system of the time-dependent, nonlinear, stochastic interval ordinary first-order derivatives. The developed concepts and mathematical models may be taken as the base of the multi-functional software package for thermal design of electronic systems.

27. Terrain modelling in simulation training systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Mamrosenko K.A., Reshetnikov V.N.
Visitors: 9536
The work presents the methods of the earth\'s surface and ground elements visualization and their usage in the aerospace industry. It also shows the features of the underlying surface modeling using satellite imagery, SRTM data. The authors consider how initial data is stored in the Tile Map Service and Keyhole Markup Language formats. Development of the earth remote sensing and data processing systems allowed using earth surface visualization techniques with satellite images as textures. For example, the GEOEYE-1 satellite makes it possible to obtain images with the resolution of 0.5 meters per pixel. In order to optimize performance the images are stored as tiles, which are small images of the same size, fragments of a big picture. The paper describes the method for increasing the visualization subsystem performance when displaying multiple objects of the same type. This method makes the sequent bypassing of all nodes of the model to clone and assembles a new model, which contains the required number of copies of the original model. An array of vertices of the original model is changed in order to place a sample model in the desired spatial position. An array of normals is copied without changes, as well as an array of texture coordinates. However, it is possible that the number of vertices in the model is bigger than the number of texture coordinates. In this case missing texture coordinates are replaced by the values from the next sample model, which can lead to incorrect texture mapping. To avoid such situations missing texture coordinates values are set to zero.

28. Finding sloutions by the modified Rete algorithm for fuzzy expert systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Mikhailov I.S., Zaw Min Htike
Visitors: 8911
The paper considers the basic concepts of fuzzy production expert systems. Fuzzy production expert systems are based on a set of rules presented in terms of linguistic variables. The authors suggest the developed Rete algorithm modification for a fuzzy rule base as a fuzzy inference tool. This modification accelerates systems operation due to a single computing of the same conditions in the rules. It also formulates the rules and conclusions in the limited natural language. The modified Rete algorithm formal decision tree model for a fuzzy production knowledge base consists of a set of vertex-conditions, vertexsolutions, the relationship between vertices and relations to describe the fuzzy expert system rules. The created algorithm processes the rules from the fuzzy rule base and converts them into the decision tree modified Rete algorithm formal model. Rete algorithm modification is different from a classical algorithm as it is used for fuzzy variables. Therefore, each stage of the algorithm includes building the decision tree vertices fuzzy truth values using fuzzy operators. This allows formulating the conditions and consequences in the rule base, as well as the solutions in the limited natural language. The same conditions are combined during decision tree construction. It accelerates decision tree processing comparing to sequential viewing of expert system rules. The paper describes an operating example of the production fuzzy expert system, which works on the basis of the proposed Rete algorithm modification. It also displays the effectiveness of the proposed method.

29. Ergonomic voice interface to control an anthropomorphic robot [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Mikhaylyuk M.V., Torgashev M.A., Omelchenko D.V.
Visitors: 8414
Anthropomorphic robots (robots structurally similar to human beings) are widely used in various fields of scientific and economic activity. It is due to psychological factors, as well as to the fact, that many man-made objects are adapted to manipulate by human hands. However, ergonomic control of such robots is a serious and pressing problem. Standard computer interface devices (keyboard, mouse, joystick etc.) do not provide a sufficient level of ergonomics. Using control panels is also difficult because each control panel element usually affects one joint of the robot. Or alternatively, exoskeletons are often used for control. They are rigid articulated construction worn by an operator and match the organization of human body. An exoskeleton allows implementing the so called copying control mode when the robot will follow the operator’s exact movements. However, the exoskeleton is often difficult to use, either because of its great weight, or because it is impossible to use it in the suit. This paper proposes a voice interface to control a robot. The idea is that when the operator’s command is pronounced it is recognized and then in case of success the prepared script starts running, so the robot performs the specified action. Testing of the proposed methods and algorithms showed that it is possible to use them as an ergonomic interface of anthropomorphic robots\' voice control.

30. Comparison analysis and task classification according to cargo optimal placement in restricted space [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Pogorelov A.S., Andreev D.A., Panfilov A.N.
Visitors: 6123
The paper is devoted to the problem of objects optimal placement in restricted space. This problem belongs to the class of cutting and packing problems. The paper formulates the common cutting and packing problem. It also describes the approach to such problems classification and criteria, which are the basis of the typology and the main categories of the problems. The scientific researches review shows that similar problems arise in various domains and these problems have various features as a specificity of a problem domain. The authors consider several problems of cargo optimal placement, which have some similarities with the problem of cargo placement on a transport spacecraft. They compare considered problems to the problem of cargo placement on the transport spacecraft according to common characteristics of these problems. Furthermore, each problem under consideration is assigned to one of the classes in terms of the given typology. As a result of a comparison analysis, there is a conclusion that there is no any universal decision method for the optimal placement problem. There are some particular features and restrictions for any real problem, which must be considered. The authors set a task of development of a new method to find the optimal cargo placement. This method must consider any specific features of the problem domain related to spacecrafts.

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