Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 4 at 2015 year.

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31. Virtual reality systems in damage control training of personnel [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Radchenko V.M., Bondar E.M. , Chulanov A.O., Fedorov N.A., Leshchina A.E.
Visitors: 10736
The article considers the problem of specialists training to ensure safety of life and for successful damage control in higher risk places. It also describes modern simulator tools for personnel training, such as natural layouts in field training centers, complex and part-task simulators. The article considers the ways of operator workplace organization based on real layouts or computer simulation of equipment. The paper reviews virtual reality systems applicability in modern training tools and offers using virtual reality systems to train specialists in damage control. The article gives the description of the automated training process of damage control based on virtual reality systems and wide simulation modeling of accident appearance and progression. The paper also describes virtual environment, its communication with equipment simulation model, ways of trainee interaction with virtual environment in skill training regarding localization and liquidation of emergency situations.

32. Special features of data-processing center and space center upgrade [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Snytko A.S., Ternikov A.A.
Visitors: 10579
The article describes an advanced virtualization technology which helps to solve many consolidation problems of computing resources within data center. It also considers subsequent creation of the united educational training and simulation system based on computing resources in a modernization project for the space center “Astron” named after cosmonaut Georgiy Shonin. The paper describes the current technology state and development, the main advantages of changing traditional network infrastructure model into server and desktop virtualization. Desktop virtualization technology provides previously unavailable possibility of computing system dynamic distribution, provides information system fault tolerance, and the most important thing for implementing the concept of educational training and simulation complex – it provides user mobility by graphics adapters virtualization and remote advanced protocols to connect virtual desktops. This project uses the solutions of leading world hardware and software manufacturers, which meet all the requirements to performance and reliability. The result is a united environment with a high degree of automation and simplified administration. The paper describes the composition and application of hardware components in the hardware and software package. The article shows a flow chart describing a data center structure and the quantity of virtual machines in simulators. It also highlights the update process and all problems which are successfully solved in the space center “Astron”. The paper describes typical solutions for a virtual environment and special features of virtualization application in space center workstations. The experience of this project and its results can be successfully used in other works and new simulators.

33. Data replication in hierarchical information systems with unstable node connectivity [№4 за 2015 год]
Author: Sorokin V.E.
Visitors: 8144
A particular feature of many hierarchical information systems (IS) with relational databases (DB) in their nodes as the core is impermanent communication between the nodes. It prevents classical use of a centralized or distributed database and assigns additional special message exchange and data consolidation functions including external sources to special software, which solves system functional tasks. Replication of required fragments of other IS nodes DB in a local DB consolidates with information from external sources. It allows to simplify and increase harmonization of various IS nodes software. The article proposes an approach to original DB structure transformation based on creating separate for different data sources inherited from source tables. The approach is adapted to asynchronous “master/slave” replication of hierarchically related DB. The paper shows the possibility of using flags and procedures managed by triggers to implement various strategies for data consolidation, as well as a simple adaptation of the original software to solve IS functional problems on the converted DB. There is an example of the described approach implementation for widespread and used in many domestic certified software tools of an object-relational database management system PostgreSQL with an asynchronous “master/slave” replication system Slony-I. There is a possibility to overcome limitations of an asynchronous “master/slave” replication system using dblink support modules of session connection to other DB and postgres_fdw foreign-data wrapper, as well as replication system joint using with these modules on the converted DB.

34. The information support for space experiments [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Stepanov V.V., Andreev D.A., Obydenov S.S.
Visitors: 9217
The article presents the results of testing the virtual manuals for space experiments on board the Russian section of the ISS. Based on this experience the authors set a problem of transferring scientific documentation to crew tablets. The paper presents a description of the new onboard interface module with advanced features such as versioning script with multiple levels of difficulty and switching versions during operation; advanced configuration device of initial conditions for more intuitive and accurate reproduction of planned work; affordable choice of sequence and real-time input of the initial conditions on board. Therefore, there is a variation of operating scenarios and chains of the prescribed actions, the composition of illustrative material and the used equipment, environment virtual models and readings, date and time. There is a specific feature of space experiments information support consisting in the need of crew actions parallel support by two subplots, which are: prearranged scenario sequence simulating a virtual environment for an experiment, and random access to a classic array of board documentation. In this case key points of the virtual process should be clearly linked to the document items. The paper also describes system solutions and a methodology of information space interactive management. The attention is paid to operator’s situational behavior, virtual controls work, results logging and crew evaluation. It is emphasized that the astronaut’s work is fully authorized on the level of personal scenarios that are transferred in accordance with his individual role in the collective experiments. The authors predict further extension of functionality of hardware and software package of space experiments information support, as well as a significant increase in convenience, visibility, operators’ efficiency, obtaining high speed of access to onboard documentation.

35. Textured planet model visualization system for space experiments simulation [№4 за 2015 год]
Author: Timokhin P.Yu.
Visitors: 8430
A modern tool to train space experiments related to the planet observation from a circumplanetary orbit is real-time visualization of virtual 3D planet model with detailed textures based on satellite images. Studies show that the size and memory space required for such textures significantly exceeds the capability of modern graphics accelerators (extra-large textures). This does not allow loading such textures in video memory completely and their hardware processing. This article describes a technology and software implementation which allows real-time visualizing of extra-large planet textures divided into small pieces of an equal size (pages). The key idea of the proposed technology is to reduce time costs for visible pages selection using GPU parallelizing computations by means of developed shader programs. The technology provides texture detailing of the simulated planet surface to fit the screen resolution. It also allows real-time visualizing multiple extra-large textures with different initial resolution on a virtual planet surface. The proposed technology is implemented in the planet texture visualization software package, which can be integrated in an external application. The created software package is also equipped with a module which calculates a observer\'s orbital position, as well as a user interface to control an observer\'s flight. The paper considers testing of the implemented software package as a part of 3D virtual scene visualization system. The results show that it meets all the requirements. The developed software package can be used both to improve features of existing simulators for space scientific experiments and to build new promising ones.

36. Collision detection for bounding spheres and rectangular parallelepipeds in 3d modeling systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Author: Trushin A.M.
Visitors: 6160
Virtual objects in 3D modeling systems may collide with each other. Collision detection is an integral part of any physical engine. The speed of calculation is crucial for physical engines. In real -time mode one simulation frame calculations should not exceed 40 ms to visualize at least 25 frames per second. Therefore, there is a need in development of fast and efficient algorithms for the dynamics calculation system and for collision detection in particular. Collision detection of complex shape\'s objects is a difficult task, which has a high computational complexity. Therefore, a method using bounding volumes is widely used. In this case, virtual objects forms are described by as different geometric primitives, and the problem of objects\' collision detection is reduced to the collision detection of their bounding volumes. Such primitives as rectangular parallelepipeds (boxes) and spheres became widespread. Collision detection algorithms may be a priori and a posteriori. A priori algorithms predict collisions of bodies, and a posteriori algorithms detect collisions after actual intersections of the objects. In general, a priori algorithms have much higher computational complexity due to the greater amount of input data. In this regard, physics engines oriented on real-time dynamics modeling basically use a posteriori collision detection algorithms. This work is devoted to the development of fast and efficient algorithms for a posteriori sphere-sphere and sphere-box collision detection.

37. A fault injector to test the SoC-processor to single event upsets [№4 за 2015 год]
Author: Chekmarev S.A.
Visitors: 7943
Error injection to the microprocessor memory is used to test fault detection and correction tools. Injection simulates the result of space heavy charged particles influence. This paper describes the developed failure injector IP-core. IP-core makes single event upsets to the memory of the system-on-a-chip (SoC) microprocessor. The paper describes a failure injector scheme, modules structure, a state machine, the work in all injection modes. The injector allows us to add failures to a register file, cache and external memory in different modes. Available modes are: with or without a microprocessor stop the processor with a random failure or predetermined by covering. Failure injector IP-core was applied to the SoC processor LEON3. The article describes the failure injection procedures in LEON3 memory. DSU interface helps to access the on-chip memory. DSU is a slave interface to the AMBA AHB bus. Using its registers the failure injector can stop the processor, modify its internal memory contents, and resume running software. A memory controller is used to access LEON3 external memory. During the experiment the injector collects statistical data on injected and found faults. The analysis of the results leads to a conclusion about the microprocessor sensitivity to single event upsets in the memory. After testing a failure injector can be excluded from the SoC microprocessor without any traces left.

38. Development and research of a parallel ant colony algorithm for a block cryptosystem cryptanalysis [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Chernyshev Yu.O., Sergeev A.S., Ryazanov A.N., Kapustin S.A.
Visitors: 9909
The article considers the possibility of parallel implementation of ant colonies algorithms for block cryptosystems cryptanalysis. The authors specify that a new scientific direction “natural calculations” is relevant, provide the block diagram of DES standard cryptanalysis using a method of ant colonies. The parallel version of cryptanalysis algorithm is described on the basis of a data-logical flow graph, sequence matrices, logical incompatibility and independence. The minimum number of the processors for a cryptanalysisis algorithm is defined on the basis of a technique of defining the number of processors. This technique includes finding of a mutually independent operators maximal set in an independence matrix, consecutive fictive linking in a data-logical graph provided that these links don\'t increase a critical way length. A bioinspired cryptanalysis method application is distinguished by the possibility of using an encryption (decryption) algorithm as an objective function of key assessment defined by genetic operations. Therefore, when using the bioinspired cryptanalysis methods the process of private key definition (for example, at type 2 cryptanalysis) depends not on encryption complexity, but on the bioinspired method itself that provides a sufficient variety of key generation. This proves the relevance of the problem connected with a research on the bioinspired algorithms application possibility for block cryptosystems cryptanalysis.

39. Conceptual framework for development of the next-generation educational training and simulation complex (etsc) [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Shukshunov V.E., Yanyushkin V.V.
Visitors: 8928
The article considers various approaches to the development of a new-generation educational training and simulation complex (ETSC) at Gagarin Research & Test Cosmonaut Training Center using the latest technical and software tools. The article offers the approaches to decomposition of the ETSC development tasks by several interrelated stages solving certain problems. The article provides a short analysis of historical facts covering several generations of astronaut training complexes including integrating principles implementation. The paper describes the algorithm based on two major approaches to integrating existing tech astronaut training devices into one simulator complex. The authors consider a concept of gateway and modern computing technologies along with virtualization technologies and a set of hardware & software means. The article provides the description of the promising ETSC complex structure; each complex is a separate part that solves a certain number of problems. Special attention is given to the integration of educational and training processes while preparing specialists. Finally, the paper provides the composition of the experimental stand for testing all offered solutions connected to the ETSC development. There are the descriptions of obtained results that reflect absolutely new solutions including the use of hostcentric computations of a unified computing system and the use of thin clients at the workplaces. The authors analyze the level of resources loading, data transfer network channels and other critical parameters. It is noted that many IT experts highly evaluated the results of the work for development of experimental stand.

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