Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 3 at 2020 year.

Order result by: Public date | Title | Authors

1. A web-based content generation system for a common digital space of scientific knowledge [№3 за 2020 год]
Authors: S.A. Vlasova, N.E. Kalenov , A.N. Sotnikov
Visitors: 6721
The paper discusses the web-based software package "Expertise", designed for expert evaluation of various types of objects to be included in the common digital space of scientific knowledge. Electronic publications, catalogues of library collections, databases, and information systems related to a specific scientific area, and other types of resources can be evaluated as objects. The assessment of objects ex-ercises during the session, which is the examination process, characterized by a given time period and a specific set of experts and objects. The software package consists of two modules: administrative and user-defined, and supports ex-pert and object databases. The administrative complex provides system setting for a specific session (creating metadata pro-files of experts and objects, rating tables, and the text of emails sent automatically to experts); entering and editing attributes of experts and objects in accordance with the established metadata profiles; viewing ratings assigned to objects; forming of rating lists of evaluated objects. As for the user-defined block, it focuses on the work of authorized experts. The expert evaluates an object by selecting one assessment from the normalized table. Each assessment consists of a pair of el-ements – a verbal expression and a corresponding numeric one. The user block interface allows to each expert to change the assessment previously assigned to the object, if necessary. The paper provides a detailed description of the “Expertise” complex functionality and its working technology illustrated by specific examples. The software package was tested in 2019 at two all-Russian competitions – for the best scientific monograph and for the best student qualification work. There were several hundred works at the competitions, and several dozen experts from different re-gions of the country participated in their evaluation.

2. Automation of calculation of the tool of final drawing with thinning of whole-drawn cylindrical products [№3 за 2020 год]
Authors: A.I. Sergeev , Shegolev A.V., Serdyuk A.I., M.V. Ivanyuk , A.V. Kuzmin
Visitors: 3383
Modern high-tech press production refers to the high-tech area, which causes a number of features that determine the specifics of the processes of metal flow in the processing of pressure without heating. One of the complex processes is a deep drawing with thinning, which performs the basic forming op-eration of converting a thick-walled cylindrical semi-finished product of the "cup" type with a blind bottom part into a thin-walled one. Errors in the calculations can occur only on the final drawing with thinning, which leads to additional labor costs for re-design, tool manufacturing, and production of a new batch of products. As a result, the cost of the product is significantly increased. Based on the stat-ed automation of calculation of tool geometrical parameters of the final drawing with thinning of the whole-drawn cylindrical products is actual. The paper describes the design problems of the final drawing tool with thinning in the manufacture of whole-drawn cylindrical products. The authors present three main types of whole-drawn cylindrical products with different internal geometry. The paper describes the developed UML diagram of the pro-cess of calculating the final drawing tool with thinning. The features of calculating the punch profile, depending on its geometrical parameters and the type of the axial section, taking into account the spring-back of matrices in the process of manufacturing products, the manufacturing tolerance and wear of the matrix and punch, the tolerance on different-wall, the tolerance on the wall thickness of semi-finished products, the allowance under mechanical processing. The authors give the screen form with the output of the calculation results of the final drawing tool with thinning. The calculation results obtained with high accuracy allow us to minimize the number of errors and they are the input data for the module of automatic construction of three-dimensional mod-els and drawings of punches and matrices in the computer-aided design COMPASS-3D through the use of an application software interface.

3. Agent-based models, methods and tools for the development of compatible problem-solvers for intelligent systems [№3 за 2020 год]
Authors: V.V. Golenkov, D.V. Shunkevich
Visitors: 6160
The article is devoted to the development of agent-based models, methods, and tools for the develop-ment of compatible problem-solvers for intelligent systems that can solve complex problems. We con-sider the requirements for such solvers, a model of a problem solver that meets the requirements, as well as the methodology and development tool and modifying such solvers. The main problem considered in the paper is the problem of low consistency of the principles un-derlying the implementation of various models for solving problems. As a result, the simultaneous use of different models for solving problems in a single system when solving the same complex problem is substantially difficult, it is practically impossible to reuse technical solutions implemented in any sys-tem, in addition, there are practically no complex methods and tools for developing problem solvers capable of providing the solver development process at all stages. It is proposed to use a multi-agent approach as a basis for solving the problem of compatibility of problem solvers. The process of solving any problem is proposed to be divided into logically atomic actions, which will ensure compatibility and modifiability of the developed solvers. It is proposed to consider the solver as a hierarchical system consisting of several interconnected levels, which provides the ability of the independent design, debugging, and verification of components at different levels. The proposed models, methods, and tools were applied in the development of a number of proto-types of intelligent educational systems, as well as a prototype of a recipe production automation sys-tem.

4. Parallel processing for software system performance optimization [№3 за 2020 год]
Author: I.Yu. Artemov
Visitors: 3760
The article describes the supposition and working results to improve the operating time of one of the subsystems of the automation system of data harvesting procedure by operators that are out of the of-fice for EPR-system. There is information about the current systems which are dedicated to data har-vesting with mobile devices. The author determines the system weakness which works in the mode of interactive (online) or batch (offline) data exchange between the server part of the system and its mo-bility part, and proposes its remedies for, based on the connection of two ways of exchange data (online and offline). The author devotes the main attention to the mechanism description for generating data necessary and sufficient for the mobile device operation, on the basis of which it was developed software. During the operation of the software, the problems of the proposed scheme were identified, due to the unsatis-factory efficiency of the generated data. The author provides a detailed description of the data pro-cessing options. The author shows their organization’s capability in the instruction pipeline of data processing. The paper gives reasons for the need for work to optimize data processing procedures. The author proposes ways for speeding up existing processing procedures by using the capabilities of modern server systems, which are based on clusters of servers with a large number of CPU cores. The author provides analytical calculations of theoretically possible performance gains when using parallel data processing, as well as the results of testing the developed algorithm based on real data. At the same time, the actual performance increase of the algorithm was 2.38 times, while the theoretically possible 2.51 times.

5. Text analysis method for tariff classification goods in customs [№3 за 2020 год]
Authors: E.V. Zhiryaeva , V.N. Naumov
Visitors: 3847
The use of artificial intelligence in customs administration is the most important practical sphere of the digital transformation of socio-economic systems. The paper considers one of the particular problems of this area: the choice of a product code according to the tariff classification based on declarations presented in Russian. The object of study was a voltage stabilizer. Analysis of customs declarations, performed by a person using the keywords in the product description, showed the need for machine learning methods. To do this, 1005 customs declarations were submitted, filed for three commodity items, which were regarded as three classes in the classification problem. Using the Orange Anaconda Navigator platform, it was possible to apply visual design methods to build a workflow diagram for solving the problem. The diagram includes a pre-processing stage, at which word clouds and a word bag were built, and a da-ta set was formed, the columns of which are lemmas, and the lines are individual declarations. In order to reduce the dimension of the problem, methods of filtering, removing n-grams, and stop words were applied. The resulting data set allows us to choose the best classifier in terms of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, as well as using the error matrix and AUC curve. Training and test samples, as well as cross-validation were used.. The best in terms of the range of indicators analyzed was the classifier based on logistic regression, the equation of which made it possible to determine the most important lemmas for solving the classification problem. Since the complexity of solving the problem depends on the number of identifiable classes, it is ad-visable to use specific classifications for a small number of classes, including them in the information-analytical systems along with accounting systems, databases of customs declarations, request-response systems, and others.

6. Trajectory modeling space object in range Mathcad discovery complexes [№3 за 2020 год]
Authors: T.V. Kalinin, S.V. Kulikov , D.V. Khrestinin, A.S. Koznev
Visitors: 6700
In the development of near-Earth space had to face an ever-increasing danger caused by the increase in the number of space debris objects. In view of this, one of the problems of radar and optoelectronic means (NES) for monitoring near-Earth space is the prediction of the trajectory movement of such ob-jects. The paper presents the main provisions of the methodology for modeling the trajectory of a space object in the coverage area of a ground-based radio-technical and optical-electronic complex of space-based monitoring of near-Earth space using the Mathcad medium. The paper substantiates a rather ade-quate and at the same time easily implemented in real time way to obtain trajectory data in modeling the near-Earth space environment. The research object is the trajectory of space debris of artificial origin in the area of the complex of detection of changes in the environment of near-Earth space. The study subject is a model of the trajec-tory of an object of space debris of artificial origin (technogenic) as an integral part of the model of de-tection and tracking by active radio-technical and passive optoelectronic complexes for monitoring near-Earth space. The modeling technique of space object flight in the station coverage area is based on an elliptical theory of motion. The parameters of the coverage area and the technical characteristics of the radio complex are determined by its purpose. In addition to the elliptical theory of motion, the technique of moving an object in a vision of an op-tical-electronic complex takes into account the technical parameters of the complex and the character-istics of its motion in near-Earth orbit. The main result of the study is the proposed modeling techniques that allow, using the limited com-putational and graphic capabilities of a computer mathematics system, it is sufficient to adequately simulate the trajectory of a space object in the coverage area of a ground-based radio complex with specified parameters, as well as generate a vector of trajectory measurements in various coordinate systems, in including passive means of the optoelectronic location. The directions of further improvement of the methods are taking into account disturbing factors act-ing on the space object during its movement, as well as modeling the processes of processing trajectory measurements of maneuvering space objects with various hypotheses about the nature of the accelera-tion of motion.

7. Automated control module for a production process monitoring system [№3 за 2020 год]
Authors: Solomakha, G.M., Khizhnyak, S.V.
Visitors: 4807
The paper presents the architecture, tools, and technologies used in the implementation of the automat-ed control module of the monitoring system for production processes, which provides the ability to au-tomatically and manually adjust the operating mode of the equipment. The module provides the ability to control geographically distributed production infrastructure remotely manually or automatically. The components of the module, the protocol, and the order of their negotiation, the method, and format of data transfer are oriented to use both in geographically distributed and concentrated industries. The paper substantiates the feasibility of developing the module. The paper describes the require-ments for the module formed during the research, which are necessary to solve the problem set for the module, in particular, the possibility of remote automated and manual control, control from the maxi-mum number of platforms, integration with third-party systems. The paper describes ways to achieve the former requirements. The authors present the main subsystems and components, describe their pur-pose, functions, and principles of operation, give the format and method of data transfer between the module components, as well as the method of storing them. The authors use JSON as the data representation format. WebSocket transmits data. Integrated han-dlers in JavaScript perform data processing. Rhino JavaScript Engine provides the interpretation of these handlers. The module implementation language is Kotlin. The event model is used as a model for data exchange between module components. The authors provide the module architecture diagram and name its components. Based on the results of their research, they draw conclusions. The designed architecture provides a high degree of mobility and allows management in the condi-tions of the geographical distribution of production. When used as part of a production process moni-toring system, it provides a high degree of flexibility and scalability.

8. A review of dynamic vehicle routing problems [№3 за 2020 год]
Authors: V.N. Kubil , Chernyshev Yu.O.
Visitors: 3081
Vehicle routing problems are strategic point to the optimization of logistics processes and for more than half a century have attracted wide attention of researchers due to their complexity and practical significance. This paper focuses on a relatively new area of research on dynamic vehicle routing prob-lems. The authors give prerequisites for its formation, associated with globalization and the develop-ment of information and communication technologies. A brief history of this sub-class of problems is presented, with references to the works of authors who have contributed significantly to its research. The principal differences between the dynamic ve-hicle routing problems and their static counterparts are shown. As examples of a practical application there are considered sales sphere, emergency rescue and repair service companies, courier services, transport ordering systems, emergency services and taxi services. There is a review of varieties of de-terministic and non-deterministic problems in the paper. Among the main dynamic parameters of the problems, there are considered the requests for export and delivery, the query time, the quantity of demand, the travel time of the vehicle, and others. The main approaches to solving dynamic vehicle routing problems are considered and the most popular methods and algorithms are specified, including tabu search, variable neighborhood search, insertion methods, nearest neighbor search, column generation, genetic algorithms, ant colony optimization and particle swarm optimization. The conclusion is the current trends of research in this area, related to the formulation of complex variants of dynamic vehicle routing problem and the development of effective methods of global opti-mization to solve them.

9. Special features of SDN technology by Cisco Systems [№3 за 2020 год]
Author: Yu.M. Lisetskiy
Visitors: 7748
The paper is devoted to software-defined networks currently dominating over traditional networks, which management and automation tools do not meet requirements of modern dynamic changes to con-figuration and scaling as well as virtualization. Distributed management concept where all the logic component of network operation is spread over network equipment is no more efficient enough. This is the reason for the emergence of a new concept and technology SDN (Software-defined Networking) – a network in which the management level is separated from the data transfer level and implemented pro-grammatically. Thus, in accordance with the SDN concept, all network management logic must be re-moved from network devices and implemented on a separate server – the SDN controller. The paper considers SDN technologies of Cisco Systems company, their development, and features. An important difference between these technologies is that they do not meet the basic principle of SDN, which is a separation of control and data planes. Such Cisco technologies as ACI and SD-Access preserve significant control plane functionality in the network devices and expand it with additional features. The basis for these technologies is the overlay networks or logical topology for the virtual connection of devices, which is built over arbitrary underlay topology. SD-WAN is a new Cisco WAN technology, which resulted from the application of SDN concept to distributed networks. Data plane of SD-WAN is the Internet overlay, working via the Internet. In ac-cordance with SDN concept, the SD-WAN, unlike SD-ACCESS, keeps control plane and data plane de-coupled and control plane functionality implemented in separate specialized devices. Having changed the ideology of implementation of enterprise networks Cisco has introduced DNA which is a new net-work concept enabling different services from the Cisco cloud.

10. Design and programming features when creating information systems [№3 за 2020 год]
Author: R.D. Gutgarts
Visitors: 6255
In the market of functional software designed to automate various problems and management levels at enterprises and organizations, a large number of ready-made design solutions are presented. Such ap-plications, as a rule, are positioned as typical ones and provide adaptation to specific conditions at the automation object by adjusting special parameters and (or) a relatively small amount of additional pro-gramming. However, the number of economic entities is large. All of them differ in production capacities, product range, and other characteristics. In a market economy, each of them is interested in maintaining and developing their competitive advantages. Therefore, it is not always possible to find a suitable au-tomated information system (IS) that satisfies all the necessary requirements. And then there is a need to create a system in accordance with an individual order. In such cases, its quality will completely de-pend on the correctness of the formulated requirements on the part of the customer and the profession-alism of the developer. The requirements are reduced to algorithms for solving problems, and the algorithms themselves are defined and agreed upon at the design stage of the information system. When programming, only cod-ing of algorithms is performed, i.e. recording them in the form of formal constructions in an algorithmic language suitable for execution on a computer. The paper shows the real dependence of the programming phase on the design phase since pro-gramming is always secondary to design. An exception is the technology used for rapid application de-velopment when an inextricable link is formed between the two stages and they are essentially com-bined into one. The importance of design is proved and some of its features are considered. To illustrate, examples of private design solutions are provided.

| 1 | 2 | 3 | Next → ►