Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 4 at 2015 year.

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11. The concept of mathematical and computer simulation of thermal processes in electronic systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Author: Madera A.G.
Visitors: 10818
The article presents the concepts of electronic systems thermal design, as well as the requirements to mathematical and computer simulation of thermal processes in electronic systems. The author formulates the requirements to the mathematical models, which provide adequate simulation of thermal processes when thermal designing of electronic systems. According to these requirements, the mathematical models must be dynamic, nonlinear, stochastic in intervals, consider the effect of thermal feedback (interaction between thermal and electrical modes in the electronic system) as well as statistical technology spread of electric and thermal defining parameters of elements in the electronic system. The obtained equations of the mathematical model for thermal processes in electronic systems meet the stated requirements. They are a system of the time-dependent, nonlinear, stochastic interval ordinary first-order derivatives. The developed concepts and mathematical models may be taken as the base of the multi-functional software package for thermal design of electronic systems.

12. Automated design flow of self-timed pipelines using EDA tools [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Vlasov A.O., Surkov A.V.
Visitors: 7906
The self-timed logic doesn’t use the clock signal and operates in a whole range of environmental parameters, where transistors still can switch. But there are some weak points due to which the self-timed logic is not used along with the traditional synchronous logic. The design of self-timed schemes has two major approaches: signal transition graph (STG) design and the so-called burst-mode technique. The first approach provides the fastest and the smallest schemes, but due to high complexity of working with graphs the scheme size is limited by a number of elements. The burst-mode technique is the best to design big logical blocks, but requires the four-phase dual rail protocol, which leads to logic doubling in the resulting scheme. As a result, the burst-mode logical blocks operate at a half speed and occupy much higher area. Nevertheless, the self-timed logic may still be used in applications, which require extended temperature range and/or supply voltage variation, where the synchronous logic is mostly unavailable. The major disadvantage of all self-timed techniques is the absence of the automated design flow, so self-timed schemes are mostly implemented manually. To reduce the design time we have developed the design flow based on previously created synchronous prototypes. It includes the synthesis, layout and functional verification via modeling.

13. A methodical framework of analysis and synthesis of secure software development controls [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Barabanov A.V., Markov A.S., Tsirlov V.L.
Visitors: 11633
The paper considers important issues of secure software products standardization of serial production. The authors analyze organizational and technical measures aimed to reduce the number of vulnerabilities when developing and maintaining secure automated systems software. They also systematize standards and guidelines for secure software development. The authors analyze the applicability of the existing methodological approaches to secure software development during information security assessment (including for the software certification). They show harmonization expediency of the developed regulations and practical measures with the international standards like ISO 15408 and ISO 12207.The paper introduces the concept of secure software. There also is a basic set of requirements to assess compliance of the secure software development process. In this case the set of requirements should be based on information security policies and current threats. There is an example of developed requirements. The authors developed the original conceptual model for the analysis and synthesis of secure software development controls based on a set of generated requirements. The conceptual model gives software developers the ability of science-based choice of software development methods. The authors suggest a general method of selecting a secure software development set. There is the indirect evidence of the proposed approach effectiveness. It is noted that the proposed approach was the basis for a national standard regarding security software development.

14. Complex industrial projects data representation models in automated information systems of industrial institutions [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Dli M.I., Stoyanova O.V., Belozersky А.Yu.
Visitors: 11746
A great number of various information systems is used during the process of complex industrial projects management. Each of them solves independent projects data processing tasks. Thus, as for new production setup projects, product information is distributed between computer-aided design systems (CAD) and automated process control systems (APCS), information about necessary resources is distributed between APCS, management information system (MIS), automated project management system (APMS), etc. Project data exchange between stated systems is complicated by using different hardware and software, data formats, data representation models. The article considers object and relation data representation models of complex industrial projects. The first type of model is used as base of data processing using object-oriented programming languages. The relation model is necessary for data storage in industrial institutions databases. This situation is caused by information technologies evolution, i.e. data processing a pplication development using object-oriented programming and relation DBMS dominance. Different units of information systems use different data models. This requires decision-making on transforming data representations. There is no one-stop solution for the stated task for now. The paper considers the example of such transformation for an object model in Java and for a relation model in DBMS Oracle.

15. Terrain modelling in simulation training systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Mamrosenko K.A., Reshetnikov V.N.
Visitors: 9534
The work presents the methods of the earth\'s surface and ground elements visualization and their usage in the aerospace industry. It also shows the features of the underlying surface modeling using satellite imagery, SRTM data. The authors consider how initial data is stored in the Tile Map Service and Keyhole Markup Language formats. Development of the earth remote sensing and data processing systems allowed using earth surface visualization techniques with satellite images as textures. For example, the GEOEYE-1 satellite makes it possible to obtain images with the resolution of 0.5 meters per pixel. In order to optimize performance the images are stored as tiles, which are small images of the same size, fragments of a big picture. The paper describes the method for increasing the visualization subsystem performance when displaying multiple objects of the same type. This method makes the sequent bypassing of all nodes of the model to clone and assembles a new model, which contains the required number of copies of the original model. An array of vertices of the original model is changed in order to place a sample model in the desired spatial position. An array of normals is copied without changes, as well as an array of texture coordinates. However, it is possible that the number of vertices in the model is bigger than the number of texture coordinates. In this case missing texture coordinates are replaced by the values from the next sample model, which can lead to incorrect texture mapping. To avoid such situations missing texture coordinates values are set to zero.

16. The ground-based subsystem to prepare onboard electronic documentation [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Kravchenko S.I., Andreev D.A., Dolgov A.A., Kolesnikov A.V.
Visitors: 8685
The paper describes information processing when preparing electronic onboard documents for multifunction information system to support a crew of a transport spacecraft and space stations. It is necessary to generate electronic documents from a delivered compatible file at the stage of the onboard content update. The conceptual feature of the ground subsystem is a separation of electronic document elements into two categories, which are: a conservative visual basis and an interactive layer that includes virtual controls for the sections of the document and internal applications. The paper considers the benefits of separate processing of document layers that consist in instruction ground marking and delivering on board only a cue file, which allows reconstructing an instruction developed on the Earth automatically. This makes the ground and onboard versions identical and significantly reduces the load on the datatransmission channel. The article also shows the ground-based complex structure, the sequence of the operations; a detailed description of the interaction between the utilities and major sections of the common methodology, such as: archiving developments in a classical library database, generating a visual base, editing a control layer, forming new documents from a classic library page array. The particular attention is paid to special tools that are: a link editor and the update package shaper. Based on experiment results, there is a conclusion about the readiness of the developed ground-based complex to ensure forming of update packages for the multifunctional information support system for a crew of space ships and stations.

17. Collision detection for bounding spheres and rectangular parallelepipeds in 3d modeling systems [№4 за 2015 год]
Author: Trushin A.M.
Visitors: 6160
Virtual objects in 3D modeling systems may collide with each other. Collision detection is an integral part of any physical engine. The speed of calculation is crucial for physical engines. In real -time mode one simulation frame calculations should not exceed 40 ms to visualize at least 25 frames per second. Therefore, there is a need in development of fast and efficient algorithms for the dynamics calculation system and for collision detection in particular. Collision detection of complex shape\'s objects is a difficult task, which has a high computational complexity. Therefore, a method using bounding volumes is widely used. In this case, virtual objects forms are described by as different geometric primitives, and the problem of objects\' collision detection is reduced to the collision detection of their bounding volumes. Such primitives as rectangular parallelepipeds (boxes) and spheres became widespread. Collision detection algorithms may be a priori and a posteriori. A priori algorithms predict collisions of bodies, and a posteriori algorithms detect collisions after actual intersections of the objects. In general, a priori algorithms have much higher computational complexity due to the greater amount of input data. In this regard, physics engines oriented on real-time dynamics modeling basically use a posteriori collision detection algorithms. This work is devoted to the development of fast and efficient algorithms for a posteriori sphere-sphere and sphere-box collision detection.

18. The basic concepts of a semantic libraries formal model and its integration process formalization [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Ataeva O.M., Serebryakov V.A.
Visitors: 7893
Modern technology development leads to redefinition of the library content concept, which may be not only a traditional description of printed publications, but also other types of objects. The content of digital libraries and physical objects can be linked in various ways. This article considers the library as a structured data repository suitable for integration with other data sources. The paper presents a thesaurus structure to determine their thematic scope, as well as basic concepts to describe such libraries. Such concepts as information resources, attributes sets, information and other associated objects form a conceptual basis for a generated semantic library subject domain. Thesaurus, in its turn, provides terminology support for these concepts, facilitates information system navigation, supports the process of user query qualification and completion. The article also describes the concepts for detailed data integration work; the emphasis is on the concepts used in the process of data reduction. An important characteristic of any data set regardless of its structure is data quality. Based on data quality assessment it is possible to give an objective assessment of the semantic library process efficiency, where the most important process is data integration with other sources. A formal model of concepts described in the article is used to describe a library ontology.

19. The analysis of an IT infrastructure of the astronaut training open automation system to create an integrated simulation complex [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Kovrigin S.N., Yanyushkin V.V.
Visitors: 10071
The article describes testing of astronaut training open automation system at Gagarin Research & Test Cosmonaut Training Center. It includes the development of a test rig for VMware and Citrix virtualization platforms with further deployment of thin clients within a multibranch network. The article provides a short descri ption of the test rig structure and technical solutions including graphics server with NVIDIA GRID K2 cards, two types of virtualization system thin clients and virtualization software. The test object is specific software of two components of astronaut training devices: virtual International Space Station (ISS) desktops and Teleoperator autonomous simulator trainees’ desktops featuring motion control handles and navigation. The operation of these two systems is tested in VMware and Citrix. Experiments must confirm that the deployment of simulator virtualization systems and function & simulation stands is possible within the described automation system. The article offers trusted major practical and theoretical solutions as well as a complex of solutions for the development of close software and hardware infrastructure based on the latest technologies. The article clearly defines the main requirements for server nods, storage systems, networking equipment and target devices. The peculiarity of the work is that all tests were performed on the basis of potential customer’s network infrastructure and real workspaces. The work aims at defining whether it is possible to develop a set of integrated solutions at Gagarin Research & Test Cosmonaut Training Center to consolidate function & simulation stands’ software within the corporate data center.

20. Special features of data-processing center and space center upgrade [№4 за 2015 год]
Authors: Snytko A.S., Ternikov A.A.
Visitors: 10579
The article describes an advanced virtualization technology which helps to solve many consolidation problems of computing resources within data center. It also considers subsequent creation of the united educational training and simulation system based on computing resources in a modernization project for the space center “Astron” named after cosmonaut Georgiy Shonin. The paper describes the current technology state and development, the main advantages of changing traditional network infrastructure model into server and desktop virtualization. Desktop virtualization technology provides previously unavailable possibility of computing system dynamic distribution, provides information system fault tolerance, and the most important thing for implementing the concept of educational training and simulation complex – it provides user mobility by graphics adapters virtualization and remote advanced protocols to connect virtual desktops. This project uses the solutions of leading world hardware and software manufacturers, which meet all the requirements to performance and reliability. The result is a united environment with a high degree of automation and simplified administration. The paper describes the composition and application of hardware components in the hardware and software package. The article shows a flow chart describing a data center structure and the quantity of virtual machines in simulators. It also highlights the update process and all problems which are successfully solved in the space center “Astron”. The paper describes typical solutions for a virtual environment and special features of virtualization application in space center workstations. The experience of this project and its results can be successfully used in other works and new simulators.

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