Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 2 at 2018 year.

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11. On the implementation of machine learning tools in real-time intelligent systems [№2 за 2018 год]
Authors: Eremeev, A.P. , A.A. Kozhukhov , V.V. Golenkov, N.A. Gulyakina
Visitors: 9226
The paper analyzes the methods of reinforcement learning in terms of using them in real-time intelligent systems (RT IS) on the example of the real-time intelligent decision support systems (RT IDSS). The authors describe implementation of reinforcement learning algorithms based on temporal differences and consider the main advantages of using flexible (anytime) algorithms that can have a significant impact on RT IS efficiency and productivity. Flexible algorithms can be crucial to RT IDSS, as they are able to find acceptable solutions under tight time constraints and improve them (up to optimal ones) while increasing available resources (especially temporary ones). The proposed flexible algorithm includes a statistical forecasting module and a module of multi-agent reinforcement learning. The paper considers the possibilities of implementation of the developed flexible algorithm into a RT IS forecasting subsystem of RT IDSS type to control and monitor a complex technological object. The paper considers the approach to implementation of a transition from knowledge-based intelligent systems training to training of their development tools. At the same time, the architecture of such intelligent systems is considered as the basis for its flexibility and learning capacity. The paper also examines the areas of intelligent system learning and self-learning, as well as their ability to acquire knowledge and skills from different sources. The authors provide rationalization for the application the developed OSTIS technology to develop knowledge-based intelligent systems, including the RT IS.

12. On information support of decision support [№2 за 2018 год]
Author: Tikhanychev, O.V.
Visitors: 6479
The basis for formalization of information used in the automated management process is the system of classification and coding. It ensures the work of users with software toolsб as well as the interaction of software tools and automated control systems. According to the existing requirements documents, the interaction between automated control systems is organized through specialized interaction protocols: technical, organizational, information, software. However, with the growing scale of managed systems there appears the problem of keeping these protocols up to date, which increases with growing number and types of interacting agents in a management network. Nowadays, there is a wide range of approaches to solving this problem in the world practice. It includes data exchange using XML files, interaction based on HLA technologies, etc. Nevertheless, in general, none of them provides information interaction in distributed multi-agent systems of automated control. After analyzing the capabilities of modern information technologies, the author proposes to solve the problem through abandoning the “hard” principles of information encoding and moving to its classification based on fuzzy set mechanisms, multidimensional OLAP-matrices or RDF-graphs. Features of the organization of automated decision support systems and numerous components of operational information processing in them make interaction based on “fuzzy” information support the most acceptable to solve the problem. There is a conclusion that the proposed approach does not contradict the principles of creating a single information space. It complements them due to the transition from organizational methods of ensuring systems interaction to simpler technological ones. Naturally, this takes into account the limitations for systems that are crucially critical to the error probability in information processing.

13. Application of a tree search algorithm and a annealing simulated method in optimization of heat network configuration and structure [№2 за 2018 год]
Authors: V.A. Stennikov, A.A. Chemezov
Visitors: 7548
The paper considers a mathematically complex problem of heat network configuration and structure optimization. It presents a problem statement and methodological approaches and algorithms to solve it. Traditionally in design practice, comparing 2 or 3 pre-planned alternate schemes solve this problem. Significant complication of the scheme and system scale led to the fact that the obtained solutions are far from optimal ones and often lead to insufficient load of network sections and even their inoperability. The development of mathematical programming and optimization methods gives new possibilities for solving practical problems. At the same time, it requires understanding of energy and mathematical features, as well as corresponding connections between them in order to apply mathematical methods correctly. There is a large arsenal of methods. Choosing effective ones requires special research related to capabilities and limited application. The complexity of scheme-structural optimization problem is in the fact that the objective function in the form of reduced costs is convex in terms of flow rate and concave on the heads. Fixing the heads by transformations, it can be reduced to a concave function. The problem is multiextremal as concave programming problems. An optimal solution will look like a tree. Each possible variant of the tree corresponding to the vertex of a constraint polyhedron will correspond to the local minimum of the objective function. This makes this task difficult to formalize, which does not allow finding an analytical solution. The paper considers a historically applied method of tree search, suggests its modifications, as well as other methods that were not previously used to optimize heat networks. The authors compare the proposed methods and algorithms, and assesse their performance in calculation of networks of different sizes and complexity. The algorithm realizations are universal and might be applied to different types of energy systems with a network structure.

14. Application of a knowledge representation productional model to assess compliance of an applicant training level to requirements of a position in IT department [№2 за 2018 год]
Authors: Zubkova, T.M., Tagirova, L.F., V.K. Tagirov
Visitors: 9822
Nowadays, due to fast development and widespread introduction of information technology in various spheres of life, a large number of specialists in this field (programmers, system administrators, etc.) appeared in the labor market. Therefore, it becomes more difficult for employers to decide on a suitable employee among a large number of potential appli-cants. Besides, employees of recruitment departments have to spend much time to entering and processing applicant data for various positions, including ones in the IT department. The paper describes the solution of the recruitment problem in the IT department based on quality assessments of applicants. There is an algorithm and a software system that allows choosing the most suitable employee for a vacant position using quantitative assessments of professionally significant and personal qualities of applicants. The paper proposes the developed software system to automate the information recruitment processes. It will allow assessing formedness of the required qualities of applicants for a position and store the results in a database for further processing. An expert assessment module was used to support a decision on whether a training level of an applicant met the requirements of a particular IT-department position. The core of this module is a product model of knowledge representation. When the software system is running, applicant information is read from the database and compared with the rules. As a result, the system gives recommendations to a decision maker on a position an applicant can aspire.

15. A program of modeling wire temperature and power losses based on operation and atmospheric factors [№2 за 2018 год]
Authors: Balametov A.B., Khalilov E.D., M.P. Bayramov, K.A. Agakhanova
Visitors: 9886
In modern conditions, due to the growth of power consumption and noticeable climatic changes, the interest in calculating admissible mechanical and current loads on the aerial wires has been increased. The maximum use of overhead line capacity can be achieved with reliable information on the line state. The accuracy of calculating electric power losses in overhead power transmission lines might be increased by determining active resistance of wires taking into account the operating current flowing along the lines, the ambient air temperature, wind speed and solar radiation heat. In these conditions, it is very important to have software for evaluating and continuously monitoring wire temperature under various weather conditions, to reliably determine the permissible current load and to be able, if unacceptable line overload occurs, including repair modes, to carry out measures for unloading the remaining work of an aerial line. Modern programs for calculating power systems modes do not include thermal balance equations of aerial lines. This leads to the impossibility of taking into account their temperature conditions due to the mismatch of wire active resistance to their temperature. The authors have developed an algorithm and a program for calculating the specific active resistance of aerial lines wires taking into account the air temperature, working current, wind speed and solar radiation. They also carried out a quantitative assessment of the load current influence, ambient temperature, solar radiation and wind speed on the active resistance of aerial wires. There are the results of calculation of limited current loads for aerial wires. Based on the calculations to evaluate the effect of load current, ambient temperature, solar radiation and wind speed on active resistance of aerial wires, it is established that when calculating power losses for wires without considering the resistance temperature dependence, relative errors can reach 26 % or more, which is not permissible. Therefore, it is required to automatically detect the wire temperature in order to improve the accuracy of the calculation of active power and energy losses.

16. Software tools of a wavelet/fractal correlation method for detecting space debris objects [№2 за 2018 год]
Authors: Palyukh B.V., I.I. Zykov
Visitors: 5878
The problem of space exploration efforts depends on orbiters, which in turn require their safety precautions from the effects of space debris. Each satellite, space probe or manned mission might be a potential source of space debris. The paper presents a method of detecting various objects of space debris. Images of cosmic space from an optoelectronic device placed on a spacecraft are transformed into halftone images. They are further processed by wavelet transforms. The next stage includes binarization and filling operations for the obtained results. At the end of this stage, there is a formation of the minimum rectangular areas covering the supposed objects of space debris. As a result, these areas have formed statistics in the form of the maximum eigenvalues of autocorrelation matrices and fractal dimensions for making a decision on detection space debris according to the Neyman-Pearson criterion. The obtained results show that space debris objects can be successfully detected.

17. Finite element structural design in the mathematical package MathCAD [№2 за 2018 год]
Author: Bakushev S.V.
Visitors: 7152
The paper analyses mathematical package MathCAD potential when solving the problems of strength and deformation calculation of building and machine-building constructions using the finite element method. It is shown that MathCAD potentials are definitely not sufficient to solve such problems. It is due to the necessity to process quite a large amount of information. For illustrative and study tasks, when a rigidity matrix has not big dimension and its components can be introduced manually, it is enough to use MathCAD. It can help to solve a problem. In this case, the rigidity matrix should be formed by manual introduction of its component data that were calculated beforehand in MathCAD. In real calculation tasks, a rigidity matrix has a large order (thousands, tens and hundreds of thousands). Therefore, there are specialized software packages to solve them, such as LIRA, SCAD, ANSYS, etc. The paper considers a specific numerical example of calculating a compound profile plate under plain stress condition using the finite element method. The plate is separated into three finite elements. In this case, a rigidity matrix has the order equal to ten; the problem is solved only with manual introduction of its component data.

18. A recommendation system based on data mining of a scientometric research profile [№2 за 2018 год]
Author: Valko D.V.
Visitors: 7609
Nowadays scientific results can be represented in various scientometric bases and systems. They are often popular not because of their relevance, but due to global availability. In fact, scientific results may be out of the scope of a scientific community simply because they are not placed in a popular scientometric system. From scientific point of view, such situation devalues a researcher regardless of quality and relevance of his scientific results. According to the author, the development of recommendations for individual researchers, research teams and their managers at all levels of management would make it possible to pay attention to promising scientific results and reasonably accumulate necessary resources to include such results in popular scientometric systems. Development of tools that operate the big scientometric open data cannot be without data mining methods. The paper shows that based on the algorithm of intellectual analysis of interrelations (like apriori), which is adapted to scientometric data in the Scopus, it is possible to formulate certain sets of associative rules suitable for forecasting probable future scientific results. It is also possible to develop automated recommendations for improving publication activity. The paper proposes the developed methodical tools for analyzing publication and scientometric data using data mining methods. In addition, it describes a modular architecture and a prototype of a software system that allows forming a publication rating and individual recommendations for improving author's publication activity based on scientometric data mining. The paper shows some experimental results on assessing publication potential of researchers affiliated with the South Ural State University. The authors built necessary diagrams in the UML 2.0 notation describing that software system using Microsoft Visio modeling environment.

19. The system for parallelizing the load on computer resources [№2 за 2018 год]
Authors: E.V. Palchevsky, A.R. Khalikov
Visitors: 8033
The article is devoted to parallelization of the load on computer physical resources using an algorithm based on Markov chains. The IDLP hardware module (I distribute the load processes) is designed to parallelize computation processes to physical resources of a computing cluster. The paper shows load dependence of physical resources on the tasks being run on a computing cluster. It also substantiates the expediency of using the IDLP hardware-software module. The created hardware and software module allows efficiently handling transfers of computing processes and prevents system congestion. One of the module elements is a user-friendly interface that allows remote managing IDLP from both a smartphone and a personal computer. The load parallelization system consists of three stages. The first one is algorithm development, the second one is technical implementation, the third one is hardware-software module testing. At the first stage, the authors present the functional of the developed hardware and software module, which includes start, stop, restart, set the kernel load value. The paper presents the scheme of the developed hardware and software module. At the second stage, a source code fragment (in Python) is responsible for uniform distribution (parallelization) of computational processes on physical and logical computer cores, followed by decreasing load on a central processor. At the third stage, the authors test the hardware and software module. The testing confirmed the decrease in the workload of physical server computing resources, and, as a result, it led to increased productivity. The developed solution not only raises productivity by factor of 1.72 (on the equipment used; the load may differ in other cases), but also allows parallel running of complex and resource-intensive computing processes without disrupting computer performance.

20. An enterprise management system [№2 за 2018 год]
Author: Yu.M. Lisetskiy
Visitors: 33865
The article considers an enterprise as an open economic and social system that acts in terms of situational approach. This supposes changes of enterprise management forms, methods, systems, style depending on the objective conditions of the environment, as well as accelerated convergence of management models. It is demonstrated that management is a purposeful and continuous process of management subject influence on a controlled object, which is aimed at changing a state according to a defined plan and which is an essential function of any system. There are basic principles (cybernetic laws) of building management systems that include variety, differences of general from particular, external addition, feedback, anti-entropy, as well as cybernetic and functional models of a management system. The paper considers an enterprise management system as a form of real implementation of managerial interconnections and its composition including the subsystem of management methodology, process, structure and technique.

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