Software & Systems

Articles of journal № 3 at 2013 year.

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1. Combining compile-time and run-time instrumentation for testing tools [№3 за 2013 год]
Authors: Iskhodzhanov T., Kleckner R., Stepanov E.
Visitors: 15721
Dynamic program analysis and testing tools typically require inserting extra instrumentation code into the program to test. The inserted instrumentation then gathers data about the program execution and hands it off to the analysis algorithm. Various analysis algorithms can be used to perform CPU profiling, processor cache simulation, memory error detection, data race detection, etc. Usually the instrumentation is done either at run time or atcompile time – called dynamic instrumentation and compiler instrumentation, respectively. However, each of these methods has to make a compromise between performance and versatil-ity when used in industry software development. This paper presents a combined approach to instrumentationwhich takes the best of the two worlds – the low run-time overhead and unique features of compile-time instrumentation and the flexibility of dynamic instrumentation. Wepresent modifications of two testing tools that benefit from thisapproach: AddressSanitizer and MemorySanitizer. We propose benchmarks to compare different instrumentation frameworks in conditions specific to hybrid instrumenta-tion. We discuss the changes we made to one of the state-of-the-art instrumentation frameworks to significantly improve the performance of hybrid tools.

2. Automated flight planning system on Russian segment of the international space station [№3 за 2013 год]
Authors: Станиловская В.И., Беляев А.М., Потоцкий С.И., Козлечков А.Г., Колокольцева О.М., Будникова Т.С.
Visitors: 13462
The article considers the automation of sheduling creation, editing and approval processes for International Space Station (ISS). The timelines structured as hierarchical system, its levels corresponds to the interval of expedition, one week and one day long timelines. Software of Automated Planning System (APS) of ISS developed by authors of this article provides coordinated planning of all crew member activities and activities of ground and on-board control complexes of ISS. APS software also allows creating cargo spaceship timelines. The article observes following topics: system design, activity and timeline database development, design of timeline editor which provides creating and editing timelines, resolving con-flicts, creating complex activities with predefined execution sequence and intermediate periods. The planningprocess imple-mentation with APS takes into account a lot of factors that have an influence on timeline quality and efficiency, and also sat-isfies the sequence-related and resource related restrictions.The paper presents an original method of coding and systematiza-tion of activities, that allows maintaining correspondence between different versions of the same activity in a different time-lines and performing automatic comparison of the timelines. The APS complex for timeline exchanging between internation-al partner organizations that sharing the ISS use is observed.

3. Automated system of decision making support in emergencies [№3 за 2013 год]
Authors: Матюшин М.М., Потоцкий С.И., Потапов В.И., Скобелев П.О., Лахин О.И.
Visitors: 12949
Safety precautions of the crew and spacecraft casualty control are one of the most important tasks of the mod-ern satellites mission control. The main conditions to solve this task successfully are timely detection and elimination of emergency situations aboard a spacecraft. The article forms the purposes, principles, overall architecture, functional charac-teristics and basic requirements to creation of an automated system of decision-making support in emergencies on the ISS. The paper describes generalized functional structure of the automated system of decision-making support in emergency situa-tions, the most important parameters characterizing the emergency depressurization, the main formats to display theISS sta-tus and oversight of crew activities while depressurization based on real flight data and while emergency situation simulation. When choosing the recommended solutions, it’s proposed to use classic methods of the decision-making theory based onthe representation of the emergency countering process in theform of Markov network with discrete states, and multi-agent technologies. A block diagram of the depressurization modeling process is considered, there is a structure of the system soft-ware. Now the system is used by the lead operational control team in order to improve the efficiency and validity of deci-sions.

4. Algorithm for detection and segmentation of defects in transparent minerals on photographs [№3 за 2013 год]
Authors: Лебедев А.С., Гаганов В.А., Игнатенко А.В.
Visitors: 11341
The paper proposes a new algorithm to detect and segment defects in transparent minerals that is more accurate and stable than existing methods. Many existing algorithms cannot be applied to the defect detection problem as they have restrictions on input data and require some additional prior knowledge about shape of detected objects, their sizeand contrast. The most useful methods that can be applied to defect detection are algorithms based on background estimation. Such algo-rithms use information about image intensity. The proposed algorithm estimates the background more precisely than existing methods, because, besides image intensity, it takes intoaccount the physical principles of input data acquirement. The image is segmented based on background estimation. Segments are classified using classifier trained by support vector machine al-gorithm. The algorithm was tested on real world data from diamond industry. It also was compared with other background estimation algorithms. The results of comparison show that theproposed algorithm is more precise than other existing methods.

5. The onboard module for information support of the international space station crew [№3 за 2013 год]
Author: Kravchenko S.I.
Visitors: 8465
The article describes a new onboard interface module to present virtual user manuals on space experiments in Russian ISS section. The module positioned as the center for multimedia scenes composition and playback. The paper de-scribes the functional structure of the system, requirements to the operating environment, type and purpose of each element of the structure, a set of control files, the role of XML-attributes. A choice of a linear, single-level internal XML structure to improve system reliability is declared. Detailed functional and situational sequence diagrams of the module with detailed phased description of the inter-module interaction areprovided. The structure of information dataware purposefully divided into two main categories: compact controls and structuring XML-descriptions and a "big" collection of multimedia. This ap-proach is determined by the specific procedures of updating tasks and technical capacity of the board-to-Earth communica-tion channel. There are basic steps of multimedia resources ground preparation. A special attention is given to the operator situational behavior when working with virtual controls, logging results and crew performance assessment. There are refer-ences to information sources about technical experiments and researches using virtual guidance (VIGU) in the Russian ISS segment.

6. Virtual user manuals for the onboard scientifical experiments in the international space station [№3 за 2013 год]
Authors: Жук Е.И., Obydenov S.S., Kravchenko S.I., Потоцкая А.С.
Visitors: 9317
The article describes the software and hardware suite and the methodology of presenting onboard virtual guid-ance (VIGU) for space experiments in Russian ISS segment. Thisdevelopment is based on Russian program of the orbital scientific researches. The aspects of efficiency and convenience of electronic on-board documentation are discussed, there are lists the virtual manuals advantages. Virtual onboard documentation should provide a significant time reduction when ac-cessing to sections, reduction of on-board libraries physical weight and useful space occupied by them. Working with VIGU can be automatically evaluated with a view to the crewperformance assessment. The article describes the methodology of ground-based multimedia materials preparing that complement traditional text content of on-board instructions. The basic principles used for creation of special software are defined.They are: continuity with a classical documentation composition, multimedia extended using, cross-references introduction. The article describes a scenario approach to the formationof VIGU semantic database and managed scenario elements: visual art objects, virtual navigation organs, input and output data streams. There is function chart, software composition, interface screen formats. The internal software system applications are described. The requirements to an operating system are specified. The choice of ActionScript scenario programming lan-guage is made. Special attention is paid to the practical results of system service in space.

7. Simulation modeling of the pneumo-hidro-mechanical system in a computer simulator [№3 за 2013 год]
Authors: Иванов В.В., Лаленков В.А.
Visitors: 10831
Simulation modeling of dynamic processes and systems is becoming more popular in computer simulators. The article sets out the principles of building a simulation model of a functioning air-hydro-mechanical system utilized in a computer simulator. The modeled system functioning may be characterized by simultaneous movement of liquid, gas, a physical body. The liquid and gas flow calculation is based on the fact that the liquid flows in the turbulent quadratic mode, whereas the gas flows at velocity below the sonic speed. Thechange of the gas and liquid quantity in the tanks of the mod-eled system are calculated based on the finite-differenceequations, and then the steady-state pressure is determined in the system. The simulation model has been implemented as a VC++ library. Each 100 ms the simulator program transfers the system parameters into the library and receives computer pressure values and liquid and gas distribution in the system. The generated simulator model of the system adequately describes changes in the flows and pressures, mass transfer in various modes.

8. The tool for expert systems automated creating [№3 за 2013 год]
Authors: Ермаков А.Е., Найденова К.А.
Visitors: 9160
The article describes a software tool for the automated development of expert systems class that meant for re-search of various aspects of the mental and physical condition of the examinees, which is a key element of theauthor's tech-nology for the automated creation without programming and practical application of these systems. The tool functioning is carried out on the basis of solved diagnostic problems formalized model and diagnostic conclusion models. This provides ex-pert systems creation based on the conveyor expert specification of its components and integrated procedures of knowledge inductive forming. The article reveals the content of the automated technology of creation of psychologicaland physiological diagnostics expert systems, gives characteristics of these expert systems class, describes the inference rules used in such ex-pert systems. The paper also considers computational procedures and operations used while creating this class of psychologi-cal and physiological diagnostics expert systems. The conception of tool creation, its functionality and the tool structure at the level of functional subsystems is described. The stages of created expert systems specification are revealed further. The article describes software of inductive knowledge forming based on tool data. It also describes the features of the tool imple-mentation and presents the conclusions. This tool is created in Visual Basic 6.0 programming language Service Pack 6 and is designed to work in Microsoft Windows XP operating system.

9. Infrastructural model of professional Internet (Special Web) [№3 за 2013 год]
Authors: Беда И.А., Стюгин М.А., Носов И.А.
Visitors: 7155
The paper presents the website organization model that automatically ranks related information. The authors introduce an information and user quality index, which allows to efficiently search for relevant information and system users. The paper gives source data to develop algorithms for such anetwork self-organizing. One of the current major problems of today's Internet communication is that there is no possibility to carry out the semantic information and people search on pro-fessional expertise basis. This problem solution can provide an impetus to develop professional communities and communi-cations on the Internet. This problem is expected to be solved by creating professional Internet infrastructure that includes such elements as specialization tree; impact factors according to the specialization, web page and the user; user activity index registered in information field that indicates movements on web pages; positive and negative reactions to the information. An important science component in infrastructure construction is design when context indicators of web resources and users are corrected automatically, without outside interference. This process requires a system dynamics algorithm that is formed by using heuristic algorithms with input data obtained based on expert assessments. To achieve dynamics in a system, it is nec-essary to form the primary impact factors of the system. Questions to test the competence open to evaluation and comparison between other users in the system can solve this problem, if you compare them with specialization tree. This work is current-ly performed by the staff of the Siberian Federal University together with the company LLC Kairos.

10. Artificial worlds: data distribution principles [№3 за 2013 год]
Author: Kol’chugina, E.A.
Visitors: 8141
The article considers conceptual organization of the unlimitedly growing distributed databases serviced by col-lective of software agents. Growing complexity of computer networks and their applications brings attention to creating the autonomic systems ca-pable to self-management, self-optimisation and self-development. Such autonomic systems can be considered as the artifi-cial worlds inhabited by artificial organisms constructedas software agents. The agents are in different relationswith each other and are gradually improving due to the competition and adaptation in computing environment. Each artificial organism belongs to one of the species possessing a special functional purpose. The community of artificial organisms is arranged by hierarchical principle, species occupy the subordinated position to another. The bottom levels of hierarchy are occupied by artificial organisms which are engaged in a data structures organization and processing of queries. The upper levels are pre-sented by the digital organisms managing the community. The principle of the hierarchical organization is intrinsic for other widely-known architectures, for example for Internet-architecture and Grid-systems. According to the general concept of autonomic multiagent system operating in computer network, it is supposed that used databases are spatially distributed and limitlessly growing in volume. It is offered to combine tuple-oriented spatial distribu-tion of database relations with domain-oriented principleof the internal representation of relations. The authors of the article offer an algorithm of data replenishment for based on above-stated principles limitlessly growing in volume databases. A new type of queries, the so-called expanded queries which can be realised to the distributed databases on the basis of the domain-oriented model is offered.

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