Software & Systems

Journal articles №4 2016

1. APS for multinational companies: problems and prospects of development [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: A.A. Sukhobokov (artem.sukhobokov@yandex.ru) - SAP CIS, Ph.D; A.V. Sukhobokov (andrey.sukhobokov@optimalmngmnt.com) - Optimal Management, LLC (Cofounder); D.S. Lakhvich (dmitry.lakhvich@optimalmngmnt.com) - Bauman Moscow State Technical University; I.V. Tikhonov (ilya.tikhonov@optimalmngmnt.com) - Bauman Moscow State Technical University;
Abstract: The article presents the common architecture of the Advanced Planning System (APS). It shows that mathematical models and methods of linear programming, which are now applied for the master planning, are not able to solve a key problem of profit optimization for multinational companies. The paper also considers the evolution of mathematic models and methods used for optimizing profit after the tax in multinational companies. In current situation in order to optimize the supply chain of big multinational companies it is necessary to solve a problem of great dimensionality, because data matrices contain dozens of billions columns and lines and have bilinear and trilinear constraints. Approaches to parallelization of numeral algorithms for this problem are also under consideration. The main stress is on a most prospective approach which uses Big Data platforms for solving great dimensionality problems. Hereafter, the article defines the additional functionality of a supply chain design module and a demand planning module, so that APS could be of use in multinational companies. The authors also define the additional functionality of financial supply chain management modules and of neighboring ERPsystem’s controlling modules. It is shown that prospective APS for multinational companies should be developed on the basis of a complex of two integrated technology platforms: the In-Memory platform and the Big Data platform. The functional architecture of APS for multinational companies is presented in the context of the general enterprise management system as a whole. In addition, the architecture of APS master planning module is detailed one level deeper. It solves optimization problems for one time period, as well as for a finite number of time periods.
Keywords: big data platforms, multinational company, intercompany supply chains, transfer prices, goods traffic, bilinear optimization problem, parallelization of optimization algorithms, master planning, aps architecture, aps
Visitors: 11543

2. Modeling of placing service-oriented applications in a software-defined infrastructure of the virtual data center [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Bolodurina I.P. (prmat@mail.osu.ru) - Orenburg State University, (Professor, Head of Department), Ph.D; D.I. Parfenov (fdot_it@mail.osu.ru) - Orenburg State University, Ph.D; Reshetnikov V.N. (rvn_@mail.ru) - Center of Visualization and Satellite Information Technologies SRISA (Professor, Supervisor), Ph.D;
Abstract: The information technology development in recent years leads to using distributed service-oriented business applications. Thus, research on mechanisms of managing hosted applications in a cloud environment is currently important, as well as efficient allocation of appropriate resources for their work within the existing constraints. The aim of the study is to simulate the structure and interaction mechanisms of typical cloud service-oriented applications, as well as definition of approaches to optimization of their placement in a storage system. The authors developed a generalized model of a service-oriented cloud application that includes three basic layers: an application model, a service model, and a resource model. As a resource in the model they consider some kind of object that describes the behavior and characteristics of individual elements of an infrastructure depending on the current status and settings of the virtual data center of a software-defined infrastructure. A distinctive feature of the model is that it is a universal resource that allows us to consider it from user’s point of view (for whom it is a closed system) and from the point of view of the software-defined infrastructure of a virtual data center (for which it is an open system). The novelty of the model is simultaneous describing data placement, associated applications, as well as the state of the virtual environment, taking into account the network topology. To work out the resource model in the virtual data center of software-defined infrastructure in detail the authors developed a model of a software-defined storage as a separate element. It allows defining data parameters and applications’ connections with virtual and physical nodes of a data storage.
Keywords: openstack, machine learning, cloud computing, software-defined storage devices, virtual data centers, computing resources, cloud services, cloud applications
Visitors: 11163

3. User interface architecture for interaction with multi-agent environment [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Sidorov I.A. (ivan.sidorov@icc.ru) - Institute of System Dynamics and Control Theory SB of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ph.D;
Abstract: The paper discusses an approach to the development of user interface to interact with a multi-agent environment, which is intended to solve resource-intensive tasks and includes a lot of loosely-coupled multivendor computing resources. Nowadays, there is a lack of toolkits which allow creating and using this kind of multi-agent environment, with a focus on a certain subject area. In addition, in the existing toolkits they do not pay enough attention to a graphical user interface, in which different categories of users (administrators, developers, and end users) can interact with the multi-agent environment. This paper proposes an original architecture of the user interface based on the promising concept of Agent-as-a-Service to implement the interaction between users and agents of the environment. The proposed architecture is based on the principle of building a thick client, in which components of a web-application are loaded into user’s web-browser, and further web pages generation is performed dynamically on the client side. The architecture of a web application is designed using MVC scheme (model-view-controller), where a web-application model of data, user interface (view) and logic (controller) are divided into three weakly dependent components that allow modifying any component with minimal effect on the other. The presented approach to the development of the user web interface has several advantages: it reduces the load on an agent’s node, increases the response time of a web interface, enhances portability and embeddability of user interface components in various subsystems of a multi-agent environment, facilitates testing and support of web applications, and solves a number of safety problems.
Keywords: graphical user interface, architecture of web applications, multi-agent technology
Visitors: 10912

4. Methodological aspects of information system life cycle management based on functional standardization tools [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: O.V. Lukinova (lobars@mail.ru) - V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of RAS (Leading Researcher), Ph.D;
Abstract: The paper presents a methodology for managing the life cycle of information systems. It synthesizes tools and models of functional standardization, open system theories, management consulting, and basic standards in management of information system life cycle. The paper also describes the basics and a conceptual model showing the relationship between problems to be solved using the methodology framework. The problems are the following: construction of a business process model using management consulting; information system model development in accordance with the OSE/RM model (Open System Environment / Reference Model) and its standardization using a functional profile; choosing a life cycle type, development of its respective model and profiling. The paper investigates different types of a life cycle, focusing on a purchase system life cycle including a set of integrated public services in addition to a local component (deployed at a customer site). The structural representation of the information system target components together with its security system is shown in terms of the OSE/RM model. The article also describes a conceptual model of a protection mechanism (which is a base element of a protection system functional structure).
Keywords: functional standardization, open system properties, open system model, functional and technological profile, information system
Visitors: 10137

5. An information model of LibMeta semantic library [№4 за 2016 год]
Author: Ataeva O.M. (oli@ultimeta.ru) - A.A. Dorodnitsyn Computing Centre of RAS (Junior Researcher);
Abstract: The article considers libraries as information systems that provide the core functionality for working with data. The technology development determines the concept of both the library and its resources, which are not limited only by bibliographic records and their electronic submission now, but also bring the semantics of these resources to the front. Based on new opportunities offered by advances in technologies, a library user receives additional opportunities to work with digital library resources using descriptions of their range of interests in subject area terms based on standards with dictionaries, thesauri and ontologies. This allows organizing and describing his own collections, as well as his own resources, detailing a resource description and their area of interest by clarifying its terms. The paper considers basic requirements for such libraries and describes the developed system information model. A feature of the system is the ability to integrate data from sources integrated in the LOD cloud.
Keywords: data integration, information model, lod, semantic library
Visitors: 10533

6. Semantic analysis and methods of text meaning representation in computer linguistics [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Batura T.V. (tatiana.v.batura@gmail.com) - A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems (IIS), Siberian Branch of the Russian Federationn Academy of Sciences, Ph.D;
Abstract: The paper is devoted to the problems of semantic analysis of texts. The article discusses different methods, such as dependency diagrams, semantic network, approaches based on lexical functions and thematic classes, frame, ontological and logical models of knowledge representation. At the moment, there are many methods of representing sentence meaning. Creating new methods of semantic analysis is significant in solving many problems of computational linguistics such as machine translation, automatic summarization, text classification and others. Development of new tools for semantic analysis is equally important. Despite the fact that some of the scientific and technical ideas in natural language processing are evolved, many problems of semantic analysis remain unsolved. Most of researchers came to the conclusion that the dictionary for semantic analysis has to operate meanings and, therefore, describe the properties and relationships between concepts, rather than individual words. But there is a question: how to organize and represent information in these dictionaries to search it fast and conveniently, and in addition, take into account the changes in the natural language (the disappearance of old and the emergence of new concepts). This paper attempts to answer this and other questions. The article undertakes an attempt to systematize known achievements in the field of a semantic analysis, and in any measure to find the answer to this and other questions.
Keywords: meaning of the sentence, representation of knowledge, predicate logic, semantic network, data mining, automatic text processing, semantic analysis
Visitors: 26514

7. Extraction of metadata from the full-text electronic materials written in russian using Tomita-parser [№4 за 2016 год]
Author: R.S. Suleymanov ( mail@ruslan.cc) - Moscow State University of Education (Lecturer);
Abstract: Publishing information in digital libraries requires metadata extraction after transforming initial material into e-text. This procedure is time-consuming in case of performing it manually. This paper considers metadata extraction using Tomita-parser method, which is software designed to extract facts from a natural language text. To ensure the most accurate extraction there were formulated spatial grammars for analyzing full-text books in Russian and a list of metadata for publication was made. Designed spatial grammars were tested on 100 editions, the analysis served as a base for observing a number of consistent patterns. The algorithm has been optimized with regard of derived patterns. This allowed improving the efficiency of automatic data extraction. The authors determined a need for manual data processing, such as removing repetitive information and data reduction to general view before publishing. The optimized algorithm helped to conduct a large-scale experiment of metadata automated extraction from 10,000 publications. Its results were compared to manually extracted data. The proposed method allows extracting correctly up to 86,7 % of meta-data with further 4% which can be used after adjustment. The biggest problem (21 % of data were extracted incorrectly) has been discovered in the names of the materials due to the lack of a clear structure. As for clearly structured information (such as ISBN and rubricator codes) the percentage of correct extraction approaches 100 %. However, despite the speed increase and easiness of metadata extracting, it was proved that it is impossible to completely eliminate a human from the process.
Keywords: metadata extraction from full-text materials, metadata extraction from electronic libraries, metadata
Visitors: 10354

8. Models of heterogeneous agents’ behavior in a conflict and their implementation algorithms [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Mutovkina N.Yu. (bua-tstu@yandex.ru) - Tver State Technical University, Ph.D; Klyushin A.Yu. (klalex@inbox.ru) - Tver State Technical University, Ph.D; Semenov N.A. (dmitrievtstu@mail.ru) - Tver State Technical University, Ph.D;
Abstract: The article discusses pair models of agents’ behavior in a conflict. Each agent has one of three possible behavioral types: deviating, compromise and coercing. A behavioral type determines an agent’s nature and specifies agent’s reaction that should be expected in response to specific actions. The authors select the need to share limited resources as the main cause of a conflict in simulation. The agents need resources to implement assigned tasks and to exist themselves. It is determined that in a conflict situation each agent tries to obtain more resources, than its opponent at the moment. The value of this commitment depends on an agent’s behavioral type. The article identifies the technique of selecting the best behavioral model. It also proposes the measures to resolve conflict between agents. The authors applied the basic concepts of fuzzy logic in simulation.
Keywords: level of resource availability, behavioral model, fuzzy logic, behavioral type, conflict between agents
Visitors: 6444

9. 3D objects rendering using clustered shading [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: Giatsintov A.M. (algts@inbox.ru) - SRISA RAS; Mamrosenko K.A. (kirillam@ya.ru) - SRISA RAS, Ph.D;
Abstract: The article describes methods of lighting and shading of 3D objects that significantly enhance the realism of three-dimensional virtual scenes, their advantages and disadvantages. It also presents approaches for organization of light sources data in graphics card memory. Usually a large number of light sources are required in order to shade the 3D scene correctly. With forward rendering lighting is computed in the following way: influence of each light source on the resulting image is computed for each vertex in 3D scene and each pixel of the framebuffer. Therefore, visualization subsystem performance may be significantly reduced when there are a lot of light sources in a scene. In order to solve this problem we can use the methods of deferred rendering. The main idea of deferred rendering is to separate the geometry processing phase from lighting phase. An image is rendered in several phases. Scene geometry is rendered only once and information about color, normal and depth of each pixel is stored in temporary G-Buffer that is used in the following phases of rendering. But deferred rendering also has a number of significant downsides. This article provides information about some methods that resolve most of drawbacks of deferred rendering while retaining its advantages. They include tiled visualization and clustered visualization. The paper provides performance measurements of visualization subsystem with various rendering methods.
Keywords: tile rendering, clustered rendering, lighting, deferred shading, rendering, simulator, visualization subsystem, training systems
Visitors: 9617

10. Analysis of integration levels of heterogeneous information system components [№4 за 2016 год]
Authors: O.V. Schekochikhin (slim700@yandex.ru) - Kostroma State Technological University (Associate Professor), Ph.D; P.V. Shvedenko (pitk1@mail.ru) - he National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics;
Abstract: Integration uncoordinated enterprise information systems is by far the most efficient way to build a unified information environment in the enterprise. To implement such a paradigm shift we need an integrating tool class. This paper analyzes the basic levels of heterogeneous information systems integration. There is an author's classification of integration levels, as well as the variants of information systems interaction depending on integration goals. The authors analyze the integration options at the broker level, the data level, the service level and at the level of meta information interpretation. The proposed classification is an attempt to highlight the key information systems integration options in terms of practical implementation. The paper shows the examples of successful implementation of integration tasks on each of the proposed levels. It also considers the strengths and weaknesses of each integration option. The broker level is useful in the case when a source code of integrated applications is available and there is an opportunity to add a required integration module. Integration at the data level can be recommended for information systems and data circuits that allow us to construct a single consistent data structure. The main advantages of the service level is the ability to reuse them, loose coupling of services, a lack of necessity in a single database or repository. When working at the level of meta-information interpretation it is possible to quickly reconfigure the meta-information in data integration from a new source. The classification makes it possible to determine the most rational set of tools and methods to create an integrated system with specified characteristics. The authors believe that the most promising way of integration of control information systems components, which requires further study and improvement, is the integration of specialized systems at the service level.
Keywords: integration levels, information system, integration
Visitors: 13582

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